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Suppose four active nodes-nodes A. B. C and D-are competing for access to a chan

ID: 3571965 • Letter: S

Question


Suppose four active nodes-nodes A. B. C and D-are competing for access to a channel using slotted ALOHA. Assume each node has an infinite number of packets to send. Each node attempts to transmit in each slot with probability p. The first slot is numbered slot 1, the second slot is numbered slot 2, and so on. What is the probability that node A succeeds for the first time in skit 5? What is the probability that some node (either A, B, C or D) succeeds in slot 4? What is the probability that the first success occurs in slot 3? What is the efficiency of this lour node system?

Explanation / Answer

a. (1 – p(A))4 p(A)
where, p(A) = probability that A succeeds in a slot
p(A) = p(A transmits and B does not and C does not and D does not)
= p(A transmits) p(B does not transmit) p(C does not transmit) p(D does
not transmit)
= p(1 – p) (1 – p)(1-p) = p(1 – p)3
Hence, p(A succeeds for first time in slot 5)
= (1 – p(A))4 p(A) = (1 – p(1 – p)3)4 p(1 – p)3
a. p(A succeeds in slot 4) = p(1-p)3
p(B succeeds in slot 4) = p(1-p)3
p(C succeeds in slot 4) = p(1-p)3
p(D succeeds in slot 4) = p(1-p)3
p(either A or B or C or D succeeds in slot 4) = 4 p(1-p)3
(because these events are mutually exclusive)
a. p(some node succeeds in a slot) = 4 p(1-p)3
p(no node succeeds in a slot) = 1 - 4 p(1-p)3
Hence, p(first success occurs in slot 3) = p(no node succeeds in first 2 slots) p(some node
succeeds in 3rd slot) = (1 - 4 p(1-p)3)2 4 p(1-p)3
a. efficiency = p(success in a slot) =4 p(1-p)3