Can somebody help me with this??? *any article* Activity 2- The Fourth Paradigm:
ID: 3752018 • Letter: C
Question
Can somebody help me with this??? *any article*
Activity 2- The Fourth Paradigm: Good or Bad for Science? Activity 2- The Fourth Paradigm: Good or Bad for Science? Introduction A number of quotations about Big Data arise from the following articles (see links below): . Anderson (2008) The end of theory: the data deluge makes the scientific method obsolete Pigliucci (2009) The end of theory in science .Siegried (2013) Why Big Data is bad for science Wladawksy-Berger (2014) Why do we need Data Science when we've had Statistics for centuries? Purpose n this Activity, you will read these articles in detail and share your thoughts on what these authors have to say Task 1. Choose one of the four articles, making sure that you indicate clearly in your post which you have chosen and why Hint A: you should change the Subject line of your post to one of the four author references, e.g. Anderson (2008). Hint B: you are strongly encouraged to read all four of the articles before choosing. They are all interesting and relevant. 2. Complete the following statement (in only two sentences): "If I could stote the two most importont ideas in the article in two sentences, they would be..." 3. Choose and share two of the most relevant or interesting statements from the article (make sure you clearly indicate that these are direct quotations) and then provide your interpretation or understanding of what the author is saying about the positive, negative or unexpected aspects of Data Intensive Scientific DiscoveryExplanation / Answer
1. Anderson(2008)
I read all the 4 articles on data science and chose Anderson(2008) because his views were clear to me and i was able to think as he was.I truely believe that abundance of data is leading to end of the theory as hypothesis is not practically possible for such data and so is model of the data.
Anderson claims that massive amount of data has made approach to science i.e hypothesize,model and test obsolete.He says 60 years ago we could read information on computers,twenty years ago internet helped to access it and ten years ago search engines like google came.He also claims that google didn't get stuck with data deluge rather it conquered the advertising world(google adsense) by using applied mathematics.Google used tools rather analytical tools to get better data.For istance,google doesn't know which link is better than the other but it depends on the statistics that if statistics say it is then it should be.That's how google translation works.He also claims that numbers speak for themselves for such data.We can track and measure people's activity with unknown surity because the numbers speak for themselves.
Earlier in science,the models were built around testable hypothesis and then tested for results.But now that the data is so huge,it is not possible to hypothese and test.
So all in all,anderson is trying to say that do it without a theory, without a model, just use the data, and forget about the scientific method.It is truly said "It is wrong to think that the task of physics is to find out how nature is. Physics concerns what we can say about nature."
2. if i could state the two most important ideas in the article in two sentences,they would be the google's philosophy of not knowing which link is better than the other but depending on the statistics.For instance,google can translate one language to another without knowing it.And the other idea would be "Correlation is enough" and that we can stop looking for models and analyse the data without the hypotheses.
3. "We can throw the numbers into the biggest computing clusters the world has ever seen and let statistical algorithms find patterns where science cannot."-The author is trying to say that there is no need for hypothesize,model and test.Just throw the numbers,the problem basically and let the algorithms find solution or pattern to what it says rather than depending on science.
"Google's founding philosophy is that we don't know why this page is better than that one: If the statistics of incoming links say it is, that's good enough."- The author is explaing with an example of the world's biggest search engine Google that google doesn't compare two links it simply depends on the statistics to tell which is better than other.And that's exactly how google translation works,it translates one language to another without knowing either language.