Methodology The \"How\" of Building Solution Tools Methodology philosophy\" Meth
ID: 3820403 • Letter: M
Question
Methodology The "How" of Building Solution Tools Methodology philosophy" Methods Rules Procedures A methodology A methodology may A methodology Rules of methodology A methodology may A theoretical combines methods require devices that defines the path to are abstractions of include other framework help in distinguishes a the goal in a & techniques into a past experience or methodologies for whole. accomplishing tasks. systematic manner. various aspects of methodology from its new ideas. development componentsExplanation / Answer
Solution:-
The OOP concept -
OOP is an modelling technology based on objects. Objects can be defined and same type of objects can be put in a class. Objects are real world entity. So it is based on objects not on actions. Object-oriented systems development is a way to develop software by building self-contained modules or objects that can be easily replaced, modified and reused. It depicts the view of real world as a system of cooperative and collaborative objects. In this, software is a collection of discrete objects that encapsulates data and operations performed on that data to model real world objects. A class describes a group of objects having similar structures and similar operations.
key features of Object Oriented methods
– Have strong links to object oriented languages.
– Assumes the software description is closed but not complete.
– The software description is formed from observation of reality.
– Uses (closed) reality as a baseline to free the designer from concerns about the problems of dealing with inaccurate representations of the physical system.
– Rather than working from the description to reality, these methods work from reality back to the description.
1) Methodology :-
Object Oriented Methodology (OOM) is a new system development approach encouraging and facilitating reuse of software components. With this methodology, a computer system can be developed on a component basis, which enables the effective reuse of existing components and facilitates the sharing of its components by other systems. By using OOM, higher productivity, lower maintenance cost and better quality can be achieved. There are several object-oriented development methods around.
For example the Object Modeling Technique (OMT) is a methodology. In this method the object are defined and modelled. By this object model the system design is considered. OOM requires that object-oriented techniques be used during the analysis, design and implementation of the system. This methodology makes the analyst to determine what the objects of the system are, how they behave over time or in response to events, and what responsibilities and relationships an object has to other objects. Object-oriented analysis has the analyst look at all the objects in a system, their commonalties, difference, and how the system needs to manipulate the objects.
2) The tools and techniques -
A method required techniques and tools to implement. A tool is play important role to design a model.
For Example UML (unified modelling language) is a tool to implement a model of a real world objects. Unified Modelling Language (UML) is the accepted industry standard language for modelling the development of object oriented software.
UML is a modelling language Object Oriented Analysis (OOA) and Object Oriented Design (OOD) are processes UML has rules for syntax and usage but it does not have procedures. Although a common language is needed in a methodology, a language alone does not make a methodology.
3) Procedures an processes -
The procedures are the steps which are performed towards the system design. The procedure is a defined and finite number of steps to establish the system. The OOM for building systems takes the objects as the basis. For this, first the system to be developed is observed and analyzed and the requirements are defined. Once this is done, the objects in the required system are identified. For example, in case of a Banking System, a customer is an object, a ledger is an object, passbook is an object.
It follows a sequential process of system designing but with a different approach. The basic steps of system designing using OOM may be listed as:
• System Analysis
• System Design
• Object Design
• Implementation
System Analysis is a process inside a methodology.As in any other system development model, system analysis is the first phase of OOM too. In this phase, the developer interacts with the user of the system to find out the user requirements and analyses the system to understand the functioning of it.
4) Rules -
Rules are the defined constraints to the development process. In OOP methodology the system design is performed under the constraints and policies which are defined.
For example in a banking system a customer and account is an object, a customer has to maintain minimum balance in account, minimum elegibility to open account are the constraints which are taken into account.
5) Methodology :-
As we discussed that an OOP methodology is a collection of tools, processes, and rules to design system and softwares. A Methodology can further included some other Methodologies. A system implementation can be done in modules and each module can be designed by some other Methodology.
For example Object Modelling Technique (OMT)Object Process Methodology (OPM) Rational Unified Process (RUP) are some methodologies which are used in OOP object modelling.
6) The phylosophy -
The phylosophy is a theory of the system and methodology. It is a detailed description of the system that purpose of the system design, Input it takes, output and deliverables, environment it required. Also the method used to development, procedures, rules and constraints and model details are documented.
For example a system is developed then a detailed documentation is maintained for the designed system. In this documentation the above described details are mentioned. System user and system maintenance details also described. So the phylosophy word is matched here with the system documentation.