Question
Please summarize pages 6,7,8,9 by writing 2-3 paragraph explaining what going on for all pages by using your own words.
6 CHAPTER 1 Introduction Box 1.1 Change and Politics What Were U.S. Citizens Concerned About 100 Years Ago? Studying politics invalves studying change-change in governments, laws, and palitical-social attitudes and apinions. An examination of public attitudes held by U.S. citizens 100 years ago reveals that our counterparts 100 years ag0 had much to worry about Air pollution. Filthy air seemed an inevitable part of city living In 1881 New York's State Board of Health found that air quality was compromised by fumes fram sulfiar, korosene, manure, ammonia, and other smels, producing "an inclination to vomit. The tem smog was coined soon after the turn of the century, in 1905 Crowding. Busy city streets were hazardous. Pedestrians risked injury from trolleys and carriages. Indeed, Brooklyn's beloved baseball team (the Trolley Dadgors) took its name from a dangerous, but unavoidable, urban practica of competing for scarce space with speeding troloys. Food impurities. Americans of the late nineteenth century often found interesting additives in their basic foodstuffs Milk, for example, was likely to contain chalk or plaster of Paris, in that both items could improve the appearance of milk produced from diseased cattle Drunken cows were another problem. Distillaries often used waste praducts fram whiskay production as cattie feod; milk from these cows could contain enough alcohol to intoxicate babies who consumed the milk . Epidemics. Smallpox and malaria were two diseases threstening Americans at the turn of the twentieth century Women and men were vuinerable to these predators and were often fearful of losing their lives to diseases thcy could neither understand nor be assured of protection against. . Race relations. Racism was pervasive as the twentieth century approached. Violence against African-Americans was widespread Lynchings of African-Americans reached recard numbers in the 1890s and declined with the tum of the century; from 1882 to 1968, hawever, 4,743 fof whom 3,446 were African-American) Amaricans were lynched Family stability. In the years around 1900, spproximately 20 percent of American children ived in orphanages because their parents were too poor to provide for them. In ather famiies, children worked in factories and mines to supplement unstable family incomes At the beginning of the twentieth century appraximately ane-fourth of the ompíoyees in taxtie miW's in the southern United States were children. Household budgets. Some historians have described the last half of the nineteenth century as the age of the "robber barons," as millionaires such as Comelius Vanderbilt, Andrew Carnegie, and John D. Rockefeller assumed positions of inluence As the ninetcenth century closed, the gap between rich and paor was vast, as average Americans struggled and saved to pay their bills. Indeed, more then 80 percent of the country's wealth was controlled by just over 10 percent of the nations households in 1890
Explanation / Answer
The literature describes how politics and the decisions influenced by politics touched every aspect of lives of citizen from the time immemorial and continues to do so. It recalls the issues faced by the people a hundred years ago that included pollution, health and safety, law and order, racial prejudices, poverty and social differences etc. and makes us believe that politics has played a great role by making rules that changed our lives for better. Be it literature or shared spaces, resources, states and lands, cities and their administration, everything has politics deeply embedded in it.
Not only the material things, immovables and lifeless entities, the politics is also present in our deepest thoughts, emotions and actions, the works of art, love, passion and what not.
As a part of study.the text analyses the politics as a discipline, the way of analysis of political data, political ideologies,topics of political debates, applications of political science within US and on international stage, with its performance so far in addressing the local and global issues.