The company started production using a three-step assembly process depicted in t
ID: 387896 • Letter: T
Question
The company started production using a three-step assembly process depicted in the preceding figure. Three workers assemble the Xootr. The processing times are 13 minutes/unit for the first worker, 11 minutes/unit for the second worker, and 8 minutes/unit for the third worker. The assembly operation runs for 35 hours per week. The average salary for an assembly worker is $12 per hour.
As demand for the Xootr grows, the company needs to change its assembly operations to increase its process capacity. Two experts are consulted for advice. The first expert comments: “As we grow our business, we really have to benefit from our workers specializing in a small set of activities. Right now, our longest processing time is 13 minutes per unit. If Xootr wants to double its process capacity, it should simply take each of the three activities and break them up into two subactivities. That way, six workers can produce a unit every 6.5 minutes.”
Another expert, however, disagrees. She observes: “Division of labor leads to frustrating, monotone work for the workers. Instead of having workers specialize in small subactivities, Xootr should do the opposite. Imagine one worker would perform all activities from beginning to end. This would avoid the problem of line balancing and increase the labor utilization. And the workers would see how all pieces come together, providing a more meaningful production experience. If we have six workers operating this way, we can have even more capacity.”
What do you think of the comments of these two experts? Draw a process flow diagram for each of the two expert proposals. For each proposal, compute process capacity, labor utilization, and costs of direct labor, assuming that the processing times in the proposal of the first expert would be cut in half (i.e., it would take 6.5 minutes per unit to do the first set of tasks currently included in activity 1 and another 6.5 minutes per unit to do the second set of tasks). Then, ask yourself what other variables might differ across these two proposals.
This is the full homework question. The information needed is the flow diagram and for each proposal, compute process capacity, labor utilization, and costs of direct labor, assuming that the processing times in the proposal of the first expert would be cut in half
Explanation / Answer
The problem follows the sequential process and the assembly line rules:
Assembly line rules:
Here, it can be observed that worker 1 takes more time than the other workers.
Therefore, if 13 minutes are taken to produce 1 unit then the production for 35 hours will be,
(35x60). Divide by 13. Answer: 161 units approximately.
Cost of direct labor is, 35 hours x 3 workers x 12. Answer: $1260.
First proposal:
Each of the activity is broken into sub-activities and 2 workers at each process are employed.
Assembly line rule:
Worker 1 takes more time than the other workers.
Therefore, if 6.5 minutes are taken to produce 1 unit then the production for 35 hours will be,
(35x60). Divide by 6.5 Answer: 323 units approximately.
Cost of direct labor is, 35 hours x 6 x 12. Answer: $2520.
Second proposal:
Here, only 1 worker is employed for the entire production of item.
Assembly line rule:
Here, if (13+11+8) are taken, to produce one unit then,
In 35 hours, the produce will be: [(35x60) / 32] multiply by 6
Answer: 393 units approximately.
Workers Worker 1 Worker 2 Worker 3 Time (minutes per unit) 13 11 8