Please just in a few sentence answer the following questions, IT can be any type
ID: 3908521 • Letter: P
Question
Please just in a few sentence answer the following questions, IT can be any type software, hardware or any that can be use to answer the question.
Submit your answers as a PDF file with the file name .PDF. From the first main bullet of the slides of Module 3, let's talk about the following: 1. Minimization (of implementation) 2. Fail Safe Defaults/Fail Secure, Modularity 3. Least Astonishment 4. Open Design 5. Usability In Questions 1 thru 5, we are going to do research on how each of these practices are implemented in actual system design. We can take the example of an Operating System, or an Application, such as a Management or Access System, a Standard protocol or algorithm, or a hardware system, such as AMD64 processor, or a Cisco router. In your answers use two sentences for each to show your understanding of the concept in first sentence along with how it is implemented in the entity of choice for which you investigated it (you can use one for all the five questions, such as an OS like Windows, Linux or MacoS). Here's an example answer (don't use this!) Answer 4: To explain Open Design that relates to not making the design of a system a secret, I chose the Advanced Encryption System (AES). This design practice is implemented in AES by making the standard algorithm available to any one via the NIST Standard FIPS 197 in USA and ISO 18033-3 internationallyExplanation / Answer
1. Minimization of implementation:- The Logic circuit used in today's chips and microprocessors can be minimized via method called K-Map. The K-Map method is faster and can be used to solve boolean functions and hence reduces complex boolean algebraic expressions reducing to few terms which are later implemented in chips and circuits.
2. Fail Safe Defaults:- A fail-safe in engineering is a design feature or practice that in the event of a specific type of failure, inherently responds in a way that will cause no or minimal harm to other equipment, the environment or to people. Eg in Oracle Database 11g, whenever a Transaction fails/ breaks in between its execution it is always rolled back to the previous state and hence maintains data consistency.
3. Least Astonishment - The Principle of Least Astonishment is applicable to a wide range of design activities - and not just in computing (though that is often where the most astonishing things happen). eg an elevator with a button next to it that says "call". When you press the button, the payphone rings (rather than calling the elevator to that floor). This would be considered astonishing. The correct design would be to put the call button next to the phone rather than the elevator.
4. Open Design - Open design is the development of physical products, machines and systems through use of publicly shared design information. Open design involves the making of both free and open-source software (FOSS) as well as open-source hardware. The process is generally facilitated by the Internet and often performed without monetary compensation. Eg:- Java is an Open Source programming language whose documentation are available world wide over the internet and is not kept as secret.
5. Usability:- Usability is part of the broader term “user experience” and refers to the ease of access and/or use of a product or website. eg:- Javascript provides us with manu reusable components which we can simply configure as per our requirements and use in web designing and UI experience.
PLease let me know in case of any clarifications required. Thanks!