Blood sugar levels of a person with diabetes mellitus and a person without were
ID: 42078 • Letter: B
Question
Blood sugar levels of a person with diabetes mellitus and a person without were monitored over a period of 12 hours. Both ate an identical meal and performed 1 hour of similar exercise. Use the data provided from the diagram below to answer the questions.
a. Which hormone injection did Bill receive at the time labelled X? Provide reasons for your answer.
b. What might have happened to Bill?s blood sugar level if hormone X had not been injected? Justify your answer.
c. Explain what happened at time W for Bill and Farzin.
d. Explain why blood sugar levels begin to fall after time Y.
e. What hormone might Bill have received at time Z? Explain your answer.
f. Why is it important that Bill and Farzin have the same body mass?
Explanation / Answer
(a) Bill received insulin injection at time X. The reason being increased levels of glucose in the blood and the inability to utilize it in absence of insulin can harm other organs therefore reduction is needed. It is caused in Type-1 diabetes.
(b) Bill blood sugar would have persisted at higher levels for long time than required and may cause other complications.
(c) Food intake has instigated Insulin signalling which inturn induces pancreas to synthesize and release insulin. As a feedback loop pancreas also regulates the food intake.
(d) Excercise is a energy consuming process. The energy is burnt and the blood glucose level dropped.
(e) Bill must have been provided with glucagon hormone injection so as to raise the glucose concentration in the blood to normal levels. causes the liver to release glucose into the blood. It is used to quickly increase blood sugar levels in diabetics with low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) which can damage organs and cause the person to move into coma or death also in extreme cases.