If the rate of reaction of [0.1 M] sodium cyanide with [0.1 M] 2-bromo-2-methylp

Question

If the rate of reaction of [0.1 M] sodium cyanide with [0.1 M] 2-bromo-2-methylpropane is 1.2 x 10-3 M/s, what would be the effect on the overall rate if the concentration of sodium cyanide is increased to [0.2 M] and the concentration of the alkyl bromide is decreased to [0.05 M]?

a) the rate will increase by a factor of 2

b) the rate will decrease by a factor of 2

c) the rate will increase by a factor of 10

d) the rate will decrease by a factor of 10

e) the rate will remain unchanged

The answer is B, but WHY?

Explanation / Answer

Answer:- B

The given situation represent bimolecular nucleophilic substitution i.e SN2 reaction. So the rate law is:-

Rate=K[alkyl halide][nucleophile]

Reaction is ist order in both reactants

Now according to given situation

Concentration of one reactants become 2 times while that of other become 1/4 times.

So rate would become 2×1/4 times i.e rate would decrease by a factor of 2

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