*Describe the many types of“junk” DNA and describe their evolutionarysignificanc

Question

*Describe the many types of“junk” DNA and describe their evolutionarysignificance.

*How is galactosyltransferase related to the different blood types? What isthe

“reason” fortheir evolution?

*ExplainRidley's statement: “In a sense the genome is a writtenrecord of our

pathological past, a medicalscripture for each people and race.”

*Why is there “no suchthing” as THE human genome?

*From a genetic standpoint,explain how stress can make you sick.

*What is the role ofhormones and infection in heart disease in monkeys? Whymight

it be similar inhumans?

*How is D4DR related topersonality?

have arisen.

*What is the relationship oftelomerase to aging? What did Geron Corporation do

with genetic engineeringrelated to aging? Are you surprised by this?

*Explain the difference intelomere length between cells of arteries and veins. In

which cells of the bodywould you expect telomeres to be shortest? Longest?

*Explain how imprintingcomplicated mammalian cloning.

*Describe genetic researchon learning in fruit flies.

*How do you feel about theresearch that indicates that learning is a matter of

strengthening synaptic connnectionsbetween neurons in the brain?

Explanation / Answer

Junk DNA: DNA that does not code for protiens. 4 types * Introns: internal segments within genes that are removed atthe RNA level *Psuedogenes: genes that have been inactivated by an insertionor deletion *Satellite Sequences: short repeats of specific patterns ofnucleotides, nowadays used for (forensic) DNA profiling *Interspersed repeats that are longer repetitivesequences, mostly derived from mobile DNA elements and as far as telomeres and their connection to aging: becauseour chromosomes are linear, DNA polymerase cannot hang at the endsof the chromosomes and copy them all the way to the end. With eachreplication cycle, a few nucleotides at each end of each chromosome(the telomeres) do not get replicated. this results in shortertelomeres. The more cells divide, the shorter the telomeres and theshorter the telomeres the "older" (biologically speaking) thetissue is. Sorry that's all I can help you with so far. I can do someresearch and get back to you on few others. Good luck

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