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I have the answer I just want to know the steps and the reasons why Chapter 14 Q

ID: 521128 • Letter: I

Question

I have the answer I just want to know the steps and the reasons why

Chapter 14 Question 81 Multiple Choice Part A Calculate the concentration of bicarbonate ion, HCO3 in a 0.010 M H2CO3 solution that has the stepwise dissociation constants Kal 4.3 x 10 and Ka 5.6 x 10 11 ANSWER: C 5.6 x 10 11 M 6.6 x 10 M 4.3 x 10 M 4.3 x 10 M Chapter 14 Question 96 Multiple Choice Part A Which one of the following salts, when dissolved in water, produces the solution with the highest pH? ANSWER: C NaHSO Mgo C CH3NH3I C LiClO

Explanation / Answer

81)

H2CO3 <==> H+ + HCO3-   Ka1=4.3x10^-7

HCO3- <==> H+ + CO32-     Ka2=5.6x10^-11

Let X be the concentration [HCO3 -], Y be [CO32-], and Z be [OH-]

Then,

H2CO3 <==>   H+    +        HCO3-

Initially 0.01                    10^-7    0.00

at balance:(0.01-X-Y)       (X+2Y+Z) X

HCO3 - <==> H+   +       CO32-

Initially 0.00           10^-7         0.00

Balance: X               (X+2Y+Z)       Y

H2O <==>           H++          OH-

Initially                                            10^-7     10^-7

Balance                                           (X+2Y+Z) Z

Ka1 = [H2][HCO3-]/[H2CO3] = X(X+2Y+Z)/(0.01-X-Y)            (1)

Ka2 = [H+][CO32-]/[HCO3-] = Y(X+2Y+Z)/X                                            (2)

Kw = [H+][OH-] = Z(X+2Y+Z)                                                    (3)

Assume that 0.01 >X>Y and X>Z. thus (1) is simplified to be:

Ka1 = X^2/0.01

X^2 = 4.3x10^-7 x 0.01M

X = 6.557 x 10^-5 M

X = [HCO3-] = 6.6 x 10^-5M (2significant figure)

2) 6.6 x 10^-5M is correct.

96)

NaHSO4 is a very weak acid

NaHSO4 (aq) -----> Na+ and HSO4-

HSO4- can give off some protons, so acts as a weak acid.

CH3NH3I is a weak acid.

LiClO4. Is neutral

MgO + H2O -----> Mg(OH)2

Mg(OH)2 is base, so it produces solution with high PH.

2) MgO is correct

The strength of acids in decreasing order HClO4> HClO3 > HClO3 > HClO

HClO4 HClO3 and HClO2 will ionize in greater extent compared to HClO. ClO^- ion will be the strongest base since its conjugate acid (HClO) is the weakest. Most of the hypochlorite ions will combine H+ from water leaving a high concentration of OH- ion.

1) CLO- is correct.