A critical reaction in the production of energy to do work or drive chemical rea

Question

A critical reaction in the production of energy to do work or drive chemical reactions in biological systems is the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate, ATP, to adenosine diphosphate, ADP, as described by ATP(aq) + H_2O(l) rightarrow ADP(aq) + HPO_4^2- (aq) for which delta G degree_rxn = -30.5 kJ/mol at 37.0 degree C and pH 7.0. Calculate the value of delta G_rxn in a biological cell in which [ATP] = 5.0 mM, [ADP] 0.10 mM, and [HPO_4^2-] = 5.0 mM. delta G_rxn = Is the hydrolysis of ATP spontaneous under these conditions? yes no

Explanation / Answer

dG = dGo + RTlnQ

R = 8.314 J/mol.K

T = 37 + 273.15 = 310.15 K

dGo = -30.5 kJ/mol => -30500 J

Q = ( 0.005 * 0.01 /0.005) => 0.01

dG = -30500 J/mol + ( 8.314 J/mol.K * 310.15 K * ln 0.01)

dG = - 42374.8 J

dG = -423.7 kJ/mol

Since dG is negative reaction is spontaneous.

( dG = -ve , spontaneous,

dG = +ve , non - spontaneous,

dG = 0 , equilibrium)

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