MasteringChemistry: Ch22 What is the electron configuration of the hydride ion?

Question

MasteringChemistry: Ch22 What is the electron configuration of the hydride ion? O 152 O 1s3 Submit Hints My Answers Give Up Review Part incorrect; Try Again; 5 attempts remaining Part B Which situation describes a hydrogen bond? O The H atom of a water molecule interacts with the O lone-pair electrons of a neighboring water molecule. O The Hatom of a water molecule covalently bonds to the O in the same molecule. O The H bonds to Na in NaH O H acts as a Lewis acid. Submit Hints My Answers Give Up Review Part Part C In which compound does hydrogen form an ionic bond as a proton? O CH3COOH (acetic acid) CaH2. CH3CH2OH (ethanol) MacBook Air

Explanation / Answer

Part A: The filling of electrons takes place in atoms by following Aufbau principle, Hund’s rule and Paulis exclusion principle.

Atomic orbitals in the increase in order of energy is

1s,2s,2p,3s,3p……

s orbital can accommodate 2 electrons whereas p can accommodate 6 electrons

In the case of hydride ion (H- , one electron from the hydrogen atom and other from -ve charge) it has 2 electrons thus electronic configuration is 1s2.

The 3rd option is the correct one.

Part B:

A hydrogen bond is a weak interaction in molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a hydrogen bonded to an electronegative atom with an electronegative atom or lone pair of electrons.

Among the options the first option is correct, where H is bonded to an electronegative atom O is interacting with the lone pair of the neighboring molecule.

Other options are either covalent or ionic type of interactions

Part C

A proton can be acidic if it is bonded to an electronegative atom. In the Case of CaH2 , H is bonded to an electropositive atom and it exists as H-. In the case of water and alcohol, it is bonded to an O atom. However, at normal condition ionization of this protons won’t take place. In the case of acetic acid proton bound to the O is ionizable due to the presence of a group having –I effect (carbonyl) and the resonance stability of the carboxylate ions. Thus acetic acid will give proton in the solution. Option b is the correct answer.

Part D

Elements of group I-A and II-A except Be and Mg reacts with hydrogen to yield ionic hydrides. Among this, the interaction between a metal atom and hydrogen atom is through ionic bond. At the same time, elements of group III-A to VII-A form covalent hydrides and they possess covalent bond.

Ionic hydrides: LiH, NaH and CaH2

covalent hydrides: HCl, H2S, CH4 and NH3

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