Bonding type – general rule is like dissolves like : Polar dissolves in polar No
ID: 563304 • Letter: B
Question
Bonding type – general rule is like dissolves like:
Polar dissolves in polar
Non-polar dissolve in non-polar
Ionic solutes dissolves in polar
explain what is ionic solute , explain how to identify a polar or non polar bonding (for example KrF2 how I know if it's polar or non polar)?
Determine whether the following will dissolve in water or carbon tetrachloride
with explanation:
a. KrF2
b. MgF2
c. SO2
3. Between NH3 and PH3, which is more soluble in water? Why?
4.Between Vitamin A and C, which would more likely dissolve in oil? Why?
*could type it instead of writing on paper
Explanation / Answer
To identify a polar bonding. Pay attention to the electronegativity of the atoms in the molecule.
If the molecule is made up of one highly electronegative and low electronegative atom then due to the huge charge difference there will be the formation of a dipole. Now this generated dipole will interact with water molecules and gets easily dissolved.
Generally if a non-metal(more electronegative in nature) is bonded with a metal(less electronegative in nature) atom then they will be readily soluble in water.
Now in KrF2 Fluorine is highly electronegative in nature which means it will pull the electron density towards itself hence creating a considerable dipole or charge difference in the bond.Hence it will be easily dissolved in water as water has a very high dielectric constant.
MgF2 , in this case too the F will have a delta negative charge on it and Mg will be accommodating a positive charge. Hence soluble in water.
SO2 dissolves in both the solvents but due to the presence of two highly electronegative Oxygen atoms is more soluble in water due to hydrogen bonding associated with these atoms.
3) NH3 is more soluble in water as Nitrogen has a pair of lone pair and has a smaller size in comparison with Phosphor. Nitrogen can easily form Hydrogen bonding with the water molecules. Hence will be highly soluble.
Meanwhile due to large size and dispersed electron density P won't be able to make hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
4) Vitamin A is fat soluble and Vitamin C is water soluble. As Vitamin A is a polymer or a long chain of fatty acids therefore it is readily dissolved in oil.Vitamin A consists of lipids which have hydrophobic ends to increase the interaction between them.