Part A: Using the Arrhenius concept of acids and bases, identify the Arrhenius a

Question

Part A: Using the Arrhenius concept of acids and bases, identify the Arrhenius acid and base in each of the following reactions (Arrhenius acid, Arrhenius base, or neither): HNO3, LiOH, (CH3)2NH, and HF Part B: Using the Brnsted-Lowry concept of acids and bases, identify the Brnsted-Lowry acid and base in each of the following reactions: (Bronsted-Lowry Acid, Bronsted-Base, Neither): HSO3, H2O, (CH3)3N, BCl3 Part C: Using the Lewis concept of acids and bases, identify the Lewis acid and base in each of the following reactions (Lewis Acid, Lewis Base, Neither) Al(NO3)3, H2O, (CH3)2NH, and HF

Explanation / Answer

According to Arrehenius concept

a) Acid: Which gives H+ in its aqueous solution

b) BAse: which gives OH- in its aqeous solution

Reaction:

HNO3 + LiOH ---> LiNO3 + H2O

Acid: HNO3

Base: : LiOH

2) reaction

(CH3)2NH + HF(g) ---> (CH3)2NH2+F- (s)

Neither (CH3)2NH is base

Nor HF is an arrhenius acid as it is gas

(ii)

Bronsted acid and base

Substance which can donate H+ in aqeous solution : Acid

Substance which can accept H+ in aqueous solution : Base

1) reaction

HSO3- + H2O ---> H2SO3 + OH-

Base : HSO3-

Acid: H2O

2) the reaction is

(CH3)3N + BCl3 ---> (CH3)3N.BCl3

Both are Neither base nor acid (Bronsted)

(iii) Lewis concept:

The one which can accept electrons : lewis acid

The one which can donate electrons : Lewis base

(1) reacion is

Al(NO3)3 + 6H2O ---> [Al(H2O)6]+3   + 3NO3-

Lewis acid: Al(NO3)3

Lewis base: H2O

3) reaction is:

(CH3)2NH + HF(g) ---> (CH3)2NH2+F- (s)

(CH3)2NH " Lewis base

HF: neither

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