Please help me understand both questions. In the work here we adapted the idea o

Question

Please help me understand both questions.

In the work here we adapted the idea of electric charges to magnetic fields and to calculate the Earth's magnetic field component parallel to the work bench. This is equivalent of using magnetic monopoles. James Clerk Maxwell, the creator of modern theory of electricity and magnetism. Do his theories allow or disallow magnetic monopoles? List your sources and references In modern times, the magnetic north pole of a compass needle points towards geographic north. That means that the magnetic South pole is near the north pole. Do they actually coincide? Or, how close are they? Was this always the case? How do we know? List sources and references.

Explanation / Answer

According to the equations given by Maxwell, the magnetic monopoles can never exist. In the 4 equations of electromagnetic theory, second equation states that the divergence of magnetic field is always zero, which is equivalent of saying that magnetic lines of force always form closed loops or the north pole always has a south pole near it. Hence a single magnetic pole cannot exist. You can read the book "introduction to electromagnetic theory" by David J. Grifffiths, for referenece.

No, earths magnetic poles and geographic poles do not coincide. They are 14 degrees apart. This difference is always changing as measured over time and it is assumed that poles will shift to reverse there positions. You can read this on mit notes.

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