Please help and explain thank you \"Animals have mitochondria, and plants have c
ID: 78538 • Letter: P
Question
Please help and explain thank you
"Animals have mitochondria, and plants have chloroplasts." Although technically accurate, why is this statement misleading? Is glucose itself in a reduced state or an oxidized state? When NADH gives up its electrons to become NAD^+, is it being oxidized or reduced? When oxygen is unavailable, why do electron transport and chemiosmosis stop? In the absence of oxygen, how much more glucose would a cell need to oxidize to maintain the same level of energy production as in the presence of oxygen? Distinguish between substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation. What role does O_2 play in cellular respiration? The drug 2, 4-dinitrophenol (DNP) can get into mitochondria, and carry protons from the inter membrane space, across the inner membrane, and into the matrix. What is the effect of DNP on ATP synthesis in the presence of oxygen? Would DNP affect fermentation in yeast?Explanation / Answer
1. Becuase mitochondira is known for catabolic reactions and photosyntheis is known for anabolic reactions. This is the reasonf for misleading.
2. Glucose is itself in a reduced state, because the pyruvate molecules from glucose is in oxidized form.
3. The loss of protons or electron is reduction. In this conversion the NADPH converts in to NAD+ due to loss of electrons as well as protons. so, it is being oxidized.
4. The final electron acceptor in ETS is oxygen, if oxygen is not there, the chain will be terminated. Hense the oxygen is needed for ETS.
5. From one glucose molecules after complete oxidation 38 ATP molecules will form. From anarobic respiration only two ATP molecules will be formed. so, in the absence of oxygen to meet the same energy level body needs 19X times of glucose (38/2 = 18)
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