Substituents on an aromatic ring can have several effects on electrophilic aroma
ID: 791920 • Letter: S
Question
Substituents on an aromatic ring can have several effects on electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Substituents can activate or deactivate the ring to substitution, donate or withdraw electrons inductively, donate or withdraw electrons through resonance, and direct substitution either to the ortho/para or to the meta positions. From the following lists, select the substituents that have the indicated property. The substituents are written as -XY, where X is the atom directly bound to the aromatic ring.
Activation of the ring towards substitution
-CH3
-Cl
-NHCOCH3
-SO3H
Withdrawal of electrons through resonance
-COOH
-OCH3
-NH2
-CN
Ortho/para-directed substitution
-OH
-COOH
-NO2
-Cl
-CH3
Explanation / Answer
ring activating groups NHCOCH3 , -SO3H
ring deactivating groups -COOH , -CN
ortho & para directing groups -OH , -Cl , -CH3