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Subject: Organic Chemistry 1 Lab Book: John Lehma, expermient 6, question 3 Usin

ID: 809585 • Letter: S

Question

Subject: Organic Chemistry 1 Lab

Book: John Lehma, expermient 6, question 3

Using the date in table 6.3, construct a temperature-composition diagram like that shown in figure E15 of OP-32. (a) From your diagram, estimate the initial composition of the distillate obtained by simple distillation of a mixture containing 20 mole percent cyclohexane and 80 mole percent toluene. (b) estimate the initial composition if the same mixture is distilled through a three-plate column.

Please explain and show the complete answer. Show the graph used to get the answer. Thank you

Table 6.3 Temperature-composition data for cyclohexane-toluene

Mol % cyclohexane

T, C

Liquid

Vapor

110.7

0

0

108.3

4.1

10.2

105.5

9.1

21.2

103.9

11.8

26.4

101.8

16.4

34.8

99.5

21.7

42.2

97.4

27.3

49.2

95.5

32.3

54.7

93.8

37.9

59.9

91.9

45.2

66.2

89.8

53.3

72.4

88.0

59.9

77.4

86.6

67.2

81.1

84.8

76.3

86.4

83.8

81.4

89.5

82.7

87.4

92.6

81.1

96.4

97.3

80.7

100.0

100.0

T, C

Liquid

Vapor

110.7

0

0

108.3

4.1

10.2

105.5

9.1

21.2

103.9

11.8

26.4

101.8

16.4

34.8

99.5

21.7

42.2

97.4

27.3

49.2

95.5

32.3

54.7

93.8

37.9

59.9

91.9

45.2

66.2

89.8

53.3

72.4

88.0

59.9

77.4

86.6

67.2

81.1

84.8

76.3

86.4

83.8

81.4

89.5

82.7

87.4

92.6

81.1

96.4

97.3

80.7

100.0

100.0

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

What if we now took the 80% cyclohexane/20%toluene mixture that we just obtained and placed it into a clean distillation set-up and distilled that.

Upon analysis we would find that the distillate is now 95% cyclohexane and 5% toluene. Again this is a substantial enrichment but perhaps not yet of the desired purity. Take that distillate and distill it again. This third distillation would produce distillate that is about 99% pure cyclohexane. This would normally be considered to be fairly