Distinguish between open and closed blood vascular systems with 1 example each.

ID: 81965 • Letter: D

Question

Distinguish between open and closed blood vascular systems with 1 example each. Uses trachea for respiration A) Nereis B) insect C) Planaria D) sea star Explain with example single circulation. Explain systemic circuit. Explain countercurrent flow in fish gill. Pulmonary veins return oxygen rich blood to A) LA B) LV C) RA D) RV The contraction of ventricles is ___ Exchange of gases in gills takes place by A) Diffusion B) Osmosis C) filtration D) active transport Distinguish between positive and negative pressure breathing with examples. Hemoglobin has a protein part ___ and iron having non-protein part ___

Explanation / Answer

It pumps blood into the hemocoel with the blood diffusing back to the circulatory system.

There is no regukation of blood flow.

Eg. in insects, molluscs

Blood is always closes within the blood vessels of different sizes and walk thickness.

Blood flow can be regulated.

Eg. mammals

2. Trachea is the respiratory organ in the insects. Air enters the respiratory system through a pair of external openings called spiracles which then lead to the internal respiratory system in a dense network array of tubes called trachea.

3. Single circulation is yhe type of circulationoccuring in fishes in which blood passws only once through the heart in each complete circuit the body. I.E. blood fkows from heart to gills then from gills to the oramgans and tissues and hen black to heart.

4. Systemic circulation is the part of the cardiovascukar system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

5. Fishes also have efficient transport system of blood with the lamellae maintaining the concentration gradient across the lamellae. Arrangement of water fkowing puts the gills in Opposite direction of blood flow this is called as the countercurrent flow in fish gills. fishes can extract oxygen 3 times As compared to the human beings.

6. Pulmonary veins pump oxygenated blood to the Left atrium which pumps blood through mitral valve.

7. Contraction of ventricle is termed as the ventricular systole which increases pressure in the left and right ventricle.

8. Exchange of gases through gills take place by diffusiin along the concentration gradient.

Caused by the contraction of diaphragm and relaxation of the intercostal muscles increasing the volume of throasic cavity filling the lungs.

Eg. Humans

In this type of trepidation the higher pressure is maintainedin the mouth which closes the nostrils forcing the air into the lungs.

Eg Frogs

10. Globin is the lrotein part of the hemoglobin and heme is the iron containing non protein part.

Open vascular system closed vascuar system