Choose all of the processes from below which describe changes which are independ
ID: 849762 • Letter: C
Question
Choose all of the processes from below which describe changes which are independent of the path by which the change occurs.
1)the elevation increase experienced by a traveller travelling from Grand Isle, LA to Denver, Colorado
2)the heat generated by a car engine as it burns a gallon of gasoline
3)the energy released by the combustion of a gallon of gasoline
4)the heat evolved when a cube of sugar is oxidized to CO2(g) and H2O(g)
5)the work generated by a homogeneous gaseous chemical reaction carried out inside of a bomb calorimeter
6)the longitude decrease experienced by a traveller travelling from Baton Rouge, LA to London, England
7)the effort required to capture a tiger in the wild
Explanation / Answer
Path functions depend on the path followed between initial and final states. Whereas state functions depends only on the initial and final states.
1) The elevation increase experienced by a traveler depends on the mode of transport. Thus, it is path dependent.
2) On burning of gasoline a car engine releases heat depending on the path. Thus, it is path dependent.
3) Burning or combustion of gasoline releases same amount of energy in any path. Thus, it is path independent.
4) Oxidation of sugar releases same amount of heat in any path. Thus, it is path independent.
5) In a bomb calorimeter, volume is constant. So no work is generated and is thus path independent.
6) The longitude decrease experienced by a traveler depends on the path and is thus path dependent.
7) Capture of tiger can be done through different paths, the easiest path is preferable. So, it is path dependent.