Instructions: In your own words, define the pairs of terms given below. Write in
ID: 85280 • Letter: I
Question
Instructions: In your own words, define the pairs of terms given below. Write in complete sentences, stating the differences and relationships between the two terms, and give specific examples where appropriate. A complete answer usually requires four to eight sentences. Each question is worth four marks, for a total of 40 marks.
1. centriole / kinetochor
2. cleavage furrow / cell plate
3. allele / locus 4. RNA primer / DNA polymerase
5. guanine / cytosine
6. translation / anticodon
7. operator / promoter
8. conjugation / transformation
9. RFLPs / Southern blot analysis 10. pleiotropy / polygenic inheritance
Explanation / Answer
8) these are both the process which are involved in the bacterial genetics where one bacteria passes its chromosomal material to other bacteria..
Conjugation - it is a process where two bacteria comes in contact with each other and the donor bacteria passes the chromosomal material to the recipient bacteria through the formation of the sex pilus..
Transformation - it is a process where the bacteria takes the nascent DNA from the surrounding inside itself without any direct contact..!!
7) operator - it is a segment of the DNA where the protein like transcription factors binds which helps in the regulating the expression of the segment.
Promoter - It is a portion of the DNA where the transcription initiation factors recognise and binds and thus start the transcription process..!!
5) both are nucleotides which are used during the formation of the DNA.. Guanine combines with cytosine forming three hydrogen bonds..
Guanine- it is purine structure whre two ring is present..
Cytosine - it is a pyramidine structure whre on ring is present.
2) both are involved in the formation and division of the mother cell to two daughter cell in the telophase stage of the cell cycle..process of cytokinesis.
Cleavage furrow - it occurs in the Animal cell where the furrow is formed resulting in division of two daughters cells..
Cell plate - It occurs in the plant cell where a plate formation takes place in between the mother cell thus dividing the cell into r two daughter cells