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A weak acid (represented as HA) dissociates in water to produce a hydronium ion

ID: 883944 • Letter: A

Question

A weak acid (represented as HA) dissociates in water to produce a hydronium ion (represented as H+ ) and the conjugate base (represented by A ).

The acid dissociation constant, Ka, for the weak acid is defined by the equation:

Ka =

If you rearranged the above equation and too the logarithm, you would obtain the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

pH = pKa + log

The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is used to calculate the pH of a solution that contains both a weak acid and its conjugate base. Such a solution is called a buffer, which means that the pH of the buffer is rather insensitive to addition of a strong acid or base when the pH is near the pKa value. Suppose that you have a solution that has concentrations of acetic acid and sodium acetate equaling 0.7, and 0.3respectively. If the pKa value of acetic acid is 4.72, what is the pH of the solution

[H3O+ ] . [A- ] [HA]

Explanation / Answer

Using the Hendersen-Hasselbalck equation,

pH = pKa + log[A-]/[HA]

and,

feeding the given values,

[A-] = 0.3

[HA] = 0.7

pKa = 4.72

we have,

pH = 4.72 + log(0.3/0.7) = 4.35 of the buffer