Please answer the 2 questions in the think critically box. Who shall decide when
ID: 89031 • Letter: P
Question
Please answer the 2 questions in the think critically box. Who shall decide when doctors disagree? -Alexander Pope (1688-1744) In 1975, when about 93% of newborn boys were circumcised, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Issued a statement declaring that there Is "no absolute medical indication for routine circumcision. Thu procedure, which involves slicing and removing the sleeve of skin (fore-skin) that covers the glans penis, has been performed routinely on newborn boys in the United States since the 1930s. Since that time, however, the national rates of newborn circumcision have fluctuated. From 1979 through 2010, there was an overall 10% decline, from 64.5% to 58 3% (Owings, Uddin, & Williams, 2013). These changes have most likely reflected the shifting guidance on routine newborn male circumcision. In 1999, 2005, and most recently 2014, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) changed from a neutral stance on circumcision to a recommendation that newborn male circumcision be available to families who desire It. as the benefits of the procedure out-weigh the risks (AAP. 201412a) The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists has endorsed this recommendation, while the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) have recommended that male circumcision be scaled up as an intervention for the prevention of heterosexually acquired HIV infections (WHO. 201412a) Following the release of AAPs stand, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Issued its own guidelines, which mirrored AAPs, and provided additional evidence to underscore the advantages of male circumcision (CDC. 201412g). The CDC stated that male circumcision reduces the risk of HIV and some STIs in heterosexual men More specifically. male circumcision can: Cut a mans risk of getting HIV from an infected female partner by 50%-60%. Reduce their risk of genital herpes and certain strains of human papillomavirus (HPV) by 30% or more. Lower the odds of urinary tract infections during infancy as well as cancer of the penis in adulthood. Because circumcision can be beneficial to older men as well, the CDC says information about the procedure also should be given to sexually active uncircumcised men, especially those considered to be at higher risk of contracting HIV. Many parents choose to circumcise their sons because they feel it is more common or because they do not want their sons to feel different. Circumcision is a religious obligation for infant Jewish boys and a common procedure among Muslims, who account for the largest share of circumcised men worldwide. At the same time, there are still reasons by parents who may choose not to circumcise, including fear of the risks of infection and other complications (though rare and usually minor), belief that the foreskin is needed to protect the tip of the penis, belief that a circumcised penis can decrease sexual pleasure in later life, and belief that proper hygiene can lower a boys risk of getting infections, cancer of the penis, and STIs. For those whose boys are not circumcised. It is important to keep the penis clean. When the boy is old enough, he can learn how to manage this himself. Though the wider U.S. population has adopted the practice of male circumcision, public awareness and opposition to circumcision have grown from those who under-score the pain, bleeding, and risk of infection to newborns. A growing number of people argue that circumcision violates a babys human right because an infant cant consent and that its akin to genital Controversy has also surrounded a wave of state programs that have stopped paying for newborn circumcision, Which costs roughly $150 to $200. While the evidence continues to build on behalf of circumcision, so does the debate that surrounds this decision. Given the evidence about circumcision, would you have your son circumcised? Why or why not? How important would data be in deciding whether to have your son circumcised?Explanation / Answer
Ques-1:
Since 1930s, circumcision has been performed to the children; the rate of this circumcision is 90% at that time in United States. However, the rate has been decreased to nearly 10% now.
Yes, I would prefer to have my son circumcised as the foreskin attached to glans "male sexual organ" is surgically removed through circumcision. The usual procedure for performing a circumcision on a newborn, is through surgery, a common procedure using circumcision device to remove the foreskin of the "male sexual organ" of newborn baby boy within 8 days of birth. Therefore, it is possible to reduce genital herpes, sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS in the future.