Influenza also known as \"Flu\" Please include your reference(s) to these questi
ID: 94053 • Letter: I
Question
Influenza also known as "Flu"Please include your reference(s) to these questions
1. What's the Fundamental Damage a Influenza can do to the Human Body? What tissue or organs are affected? 2. What are the symptoms of this condition? 3. Explain how the symptoms are induced: what's the problem? How long does it take? 4. How does the human body response to Influenza? 5. Is there any Pathogens for this condition? If not, what's the causal factors? 6. Is influenza infectious? If so, how does it transfer to other individuals? If not, explain why. 7. Is there any way to prevent this condition? 8. Explain how the prevention methods work? 9. Is there any way to treat this condition? Any known medicines or therapy? 10. Explain how the medicines work? 11. After treatment, is the patient fully recovered or left any damage? Why?
Influenza also known as "Flu"
Please include your reference(s) to these questions
1. What's the Fundamental Damage a Influenza can do to the Human Body? What tissue or organs are affected? 2. What are the symptoms of this condition? 3. Explain how the symptoms are induced: what's the problem? How long does it take? 4. How does the human body response to Influenza? 5. Is there any Pathogens for this condition? If not, what's the causal factors? 6. Is influenza infectious? If so, how does it transfer to other individuals? If not, explain why. 7. Is there any way to prevent this condition? 8. Explain how the prevention methods work? 9. Is there any way to treat this condition? Any known medicines or therapy? 10. Explain how the medicines work? 11. After treatment, is the patient fully recovered or left any damage? Why?
Influenza also known as "Flu"
Please include your reference(s) to these questions
1. What's the Fundamental Damage a Influenza can do to the Human Body? What tissue or organs are affected? 2. What are the symptoms of this condition? 3. Explain how the symptoms are induced: what's the problem? How long does it take? 4. How does the human body response to Influenza? 5. Is there any Pathogens for this condition? If not, what's the causal factors? 6. Is influenza infectious? If so, how does it transfer to other individuals? If not, explain why. 7. Is there any way to prevent this condition? 8. Explain how the prevention methods work? 9. Is there any way to treat this condition? Any known medicines or therapy? 10. Explain how the medicines work? 11. After treatment, is the patient fully recovered or left any damage? Why?
Please include your reference(s) to these questions
1. What's the Fundamental Damage a Influenza can do to the Human Body? What tissue or organs are affected? 2. What are the symptoms of this condition? 3. Explain how the symptoms are induced: what's the problem? How long does it take? 4. How does the human body response to Influenza? 5. Is there any Pathogens for this condition? If not, what's the causal factors? 6. Is influenza infectious? If so, how does it transfer to other individuals? If not, explain why. 7. Is there any way to prevent this condition? 8. Explain how the prevention methods work? 9. Is there any way to treat this condition? Any known medicines or therapy? 10. Explain how the medicines work? 11. After treatment, is the patient fully recovered or left any damage? Why?
Explanation / Answer
1. Influenza virus causes damages to cells and cell atrophy via virus replication, with consequent occurance of influenza . The loss of important cellular cellular protein may lead to death of cells. The epithelial cells of infected mucosa wrinkle and fold and with karyopiknosis, cilia loss and shedding of mucosal columnar epithelium after infection. In addition to the directly induced cellular death, influenza A and B viruses can induce apoptosis of infected cells.
Influenza virus affects respiratory system mainly nose, throat, bronchial tubes, and lungs.
2. Symptoms of influenza may include:
3. Flu viruses spread mainly by droplets made when people with flu cough, sneeze or talk. These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people who are nearby. Less often, a person might also get flu by touching a surface or object that has flu virus on it and then touching their own mouth, eyes or possibly their nose.
Most healthy adults may be able to infect others beginning 1 day before symptoms develop and up to 5 to 7 days after becoming sick. Some people, especially young children and people with weakened immune systems, might be able to infect others for an even longer time.
4. When the influenza virus infects the cells of the respiratory tract, both innate and adaptive immune responses are stimulated.
The innate immune response develops very quickly and controls virus replication during the early stages of infection and at the same time cytokines are produced to do facilitate activation of subsequent antigen-specific adaptive immune mechanisms. During this time Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are stimulated in endosomes of antigen-presenting cells (primarily dendritic cells). TLRs recognize and bind to structural components such as single-stranded viral RNA, which are shared by different pathogens, and are important triggers of the “danger signal”.
Activation of the adaptive immune response occurs through peptides derived from viral proteins, which are presented on antigen-presenting cells to the T lymphocytes. Helper T cells, through the production of cytokines, contribute to B cell proliferation and differentiation to plasma cells, and to the activation and proliferation of virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Virus-specific antibodies and CTLs represent the principal effector mechanisms of the adaptive immune response. Influenza virus strain-specific antibodies bind to and neutralize the virus on mucosal surfaces to prevent entry and replication inside the cell.