Defining Cases Matrixres728 Version 52university Of Phoenix Materialq ✓ Solved
Defining Cases Matrix RES/728 Version University of Phoenix Material Qualitative Design Matrix Instructions: Complete the matrix of qualitative designs, using five of the following types: ethnography, case study, grounded theory, phenomenology, critical research, narrative analysis, or other qualitative design. Reflect the philosophical and practical similarities and differences among them, including these dimensions for comparison: Design/Dimension Case Study (enter design name) ( enter design name) (enter design name) (enter design name) Question to be answered Focus of study Purpose of study Nature and source of truth Role of the researcher Ethical stance Structure of data collection/management Type of data analysis used Example of this type of study Basis for reliability and validity After you have completed the matrix, respond to these synthesis questions: 1.
How are case studies similar to and different from other qualitative designs? 2. Which other designs might be used within a case study? Provide examples. 3.
What are the advantages of case study designs over the other qualitative designs? COVID 19 is a global pandemic that has had far reaching effects on the economy. For most companies and industries, this is a THREAT but for some companies and industries, it is an OPPORTUNITY. The replacement assignment for the Exit Exam is to develop a list of 10 industries that have benefited or been damaged by the outbreak and the subsequent governmental activities taken to protect citizens of their countries. At least four must be positive INDUSTRY opportunities and four should be examples of INDUSTRY threats.
You may use companies to explain but I want you to think INDUSTRY. Therefore, each student may have five of each or 4 opps/6 threats or 4 threats/6 opps –ONE PAGE TOTAL 12 point font, Word document, spell checked– simple statements of explanation– numbered 1-10, individual work. Please include all affected stakeholders and be specific and include all stakeholders. Example: NO YOU MAY NOT USE THIS ONE: 1. Threat – Bars – governments are limiting patrons or closing all bars in some states.
This results in a drastic loss of revenue for alcoholic beverages which may not be delivered or taken out. Employees are laid off, or working reduced hours. Owners do not have enough income to cover costs. Suppliers have reduced income because the restaurants and bars are not selling as much alcoholic beverages. Governments and the local communities lose money as less taxes are paid on less revenues.
Lenders or landlords are also not paid and have financial burdens subsequently. Scoring Rubric Covid-19 Impact Covid-19 Impact Criteria Ratings Pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSubmission of Assignment by Due Date The assignment was received before the deadline. 10 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSubmission of Assignment with 10 Industries Ten industries (not companies) should be listed to include at least 4 opportunities and 4 threats by the deadline. Take a position on each of the ten industries about whether it benefitted or was hurt by the Covid regulations. 30 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomePage Limit - 12 point font - Cleanly written The assignment is no more than one page, (single-spaced is acceptable) with 12 point font size.
Concise business communication is ok but it should be grammatically correct and spell checked. 10 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeStakeholder Identification Every affected stakeholder group must be identified for each opportunity and threat to an industry. 25 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeImpact on Stakeholders The impact on each stakeholder group for each opportunity or threat must be explained. In some cases, it may be an opportunity for some stakeholders and a threat to other stakeholder groups. Be specific about who benefitted and who was hurt by the regulations due to Covid. 25 pts
Paper for above instructions
Defining Cases Matrix| Design/Dimension | Case Study | Phenomenology | Ethnography | Grounded Theory | Narrative Analysis |
|----------------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|-----------------------------------|
| Question to be answered | How does a particular phenomenon manifest in specific contexts? | What are the lived experiences of individuals regarding a phenomenon? | How do cultural practices influence social interactions? | How do theories develop from the data? | How do individuals construct meaning through stories? |
| Focus of study | In-depth exploration of a specific case | Individual perceptions and meanings | Cultural groups and practices | Inductive theory generation | Personal stories and narratives |
| Purpose of study | To provide comprehensive insights into a complex situation | To understand experiences from the participants' perspectives | To describe and analyze cultural behaviors and norms | To develop a theory that explains a process | To uncover themes in personal narratives |
| Nature and source of truth | Subjective; based on participant experiences and contextual factors | Subjective; grounded in personal narratives and interpretations | Subjective; derived from participant observation and interactions | Emerging; data-driven conclusions | Subjective; focuses on personal experiences and interpretations |
| Role of the researcher | Active participant and observer, often influencing the case | Empathetic listener and interpreter of experiences | Immersed in the culture, often as a participant | Researcher as co-creator of theory | Interpreter of narratives, seeking common themes |
| Ethical stance | Consideration of confidentiality and impact on subjects | Informed consent and participant safety are paramount | Researcher must respect cultural norms and avoid harm | Respect for participants and transparency | Respect for individual stories and context |
| Structure of data collection/management | Various methods including interviews, document analysis, and observation | In-depth interviews with open-ended questions | Participant observation, interviews, and field notes | Data collection is often ongoing and iterative | Collection of personal narratives through interviews, diaries, etc. |
| Type of data analysis used | Thematic analysis, case analysis, content analysis | Thematic analysis focused on lived experiences | Immersive analysis to identify cultural patterns | Constant comparative method to derive themes | Thematic analysis to discern narrative structures |
| Example of this type of study | "A Case Study on Remote Work Adaptation During COVID-19" | "Exploring the Lived Experiences of Frontline Workers during the Pandemic" | "Cultural Responses to Health Crises in Different Communities" | "Grounded Theory of Coping Mechanisms during COVID-19" | "The Stories of Isolation: Narratives from the Lockdown" |
| Basis for reliability and validity | Triangulation, member checking, thick descriptions | Trustworthiness through prolonged engagement | Credibility through triangulation, prolonged observation | Theoretical sampling and member checks | Authenticity through detailed narratives and participant feedback |
Synthesis Questions:
1. Similarities and Differences between Case Studies and Other Qualitative Designs:
Case studies are distinctive in their focus on a specific instance or context, examining the complexities of a case, such as an organization, situation, or event. Similar to other qualitative designs, they emphasize deep understanding and context. In contrast, phenomenology seeks to understand subjective experiences without the context of a specific case, while ethnography emphasizes cultural contexts. Grounded theory, unlike case studies, is primarily concerned with developing theories from data rather than describing a case in detail.
2. Other Designs within a Case Study:
Within case studies, researchers often incorporate elements of grounded theory by developing themes that emerge from the data or narrative analysis by focusing on the stories told by participants. For example, a case study on a nonprofit organization could include phenomenological interviews to understand employee experiences while simultaneously employing narrative analysis to analyze the stories of clients impacted by the organization.
3. Advantages of Case Study Designs over Other Qualitative Designs:
Case studies provide a comprehensive, in-depth perspective on complex issues and enable the exploration of phenomena in their natural context. They allow for various data sources to be used, enhancing the richness of insights. Moreover, they can address specific changes over time or in response to specific events, lending themselves well to applied settings, particularly through the lens of [Yin's](Yin, 2018) multi-source evidence approach, which ensures reliability and depth.
Industry Impacts of COVID-19
1. Opportunities - Technology Sector:
The technology sector, especially cloud services, has witnessed explosive growth as businesses shifted to remote working. Stakeholders, including tech companies (e.g., Zoom and Microsoft), benefited, while workers accruing skills in new tech also found opportunities for advancement.
2. Opportunity - Delivery Services:
The rapid increase in online shopping has significantly benefitted delivery services (e.g., Amazon). Stakeholders include delivery companies in heightened demand, reduced unemployment rates, and fulfilled customer needs despite physical distancing.
3. Opportunity - E-commerce:
The e-commerce industry has skyrocketed as consumers shifted to online shopping. Stakeholders such as online retailers experienced increased sales, while customers accessed goods safely from home.
4. Opportunity - Health Technology:
Telehealth has emerged as a critical service amidst the pandemic. Health tech companies and healthcare providers have benefitted, ensuring patients access care without exposure to the virus, fundamentally changing patient-provider dynamics.
5. Threat - Travel and Tourism:
The travel industry faced existential threats as governments imposed restrictions. Airlines and hotels suffered massive cancellations, leading to job losses for workers, while national economies with significant tourism exposure (e.g., Hawaii) faced downturns.
6. Threat - Retail Stores:
Brick-and-mortar retail suffered as consumers opted for online shopping. Stakeholders such as shop employees experienced layoffs, and businesses faced massive revenue losses.
7. Threat - Restaurants:
Dining restrictions forced many restaurants to close or pivot to takeout only. Restaurant owners and employees faced financial hardship while suppliers saw reduced orders, affecting their businesses significantly.
8. Threat - Entertainment Industry:
The pandemic severely impacted cinemas, theaters, and live events. This resulted in a loss of revenue, layoffs of performers, and adverse effects on teams responsible for production and venue management.
9. Threat - Education Sector:
Many educational institutions faced challenges in transitioning to online formats. Stakeholders, including students and tutors, faced learning gaps while institutions rush to invest in technology.
10. Threat - Oil and Gas Industries:
The oil and gas sector faced price drops due to reduced demand and oversupply, straining companies and communities reliant on these industries. Workers faced layoffs, while stakeholders like investors confronted economic uncertainty (International Energy Agency, 2021).
References
1. Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods. SAGE Publications.
2. Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods. SAGE Publications.
3. Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. SAGE Publications.
4. Flick, U. (2018). An Introduction to Qualitative Research. SAGE Publications.
5. Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2017). The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research. SAGE Publications.
6. International Energy Agency. (2021). World Energy Outlook 2021. IEA Publications.
7. O’Connor, P., & Murphy, J. (2020). The Impact of COVID-19 on Tourism and the Economy. Journal of Tourism and Economic Studies, 10(2), 76-90.
8. Cummings, H. (2021). The Future of Work: Remote Work Trends Post COVID-19. Journal of Business & Management, 27(3), 56-76.
9. McKinsey & Company. (2020). How COVID-19 is changing consumer behavior. McKinsey & Company.
10. Hossain, M. (2020). COVID-19 Impact on Business: A Synthesis of Recent Literature. Journal of Business Studies, 12(1), 11-22.