Fall 20xxarchitectural History Part One Arc 1701 Section 4880school O ✓ Solved

FALL 20XX ARCHITECTURAL HISTORY PART ONE: ARC 1701 SECTION 4880 School of Architecture, University of Florida Assignment: Final Paper Name: UF ID: Change file name to YourLastName_YourFirst_Name_paper_topic.docx Title of the Final Paper BEGIN WORD COUNT Introduction Delete this text in red. It is for your information only. Keep the header “Introduction†in black bold text and title case. Title case refers to a capitalization style in which most words are capitalized. Start writing under the header.

Text double spaced. Font size 12. This section should be at least 500 words. Introduce your building here. Describe where and when the building was built.

Write the name of the architect and/or patron if known. Describe the context within which the building was built. For example, if you are writing about a Baroque church describe what Baroque architecture means, what are the defining features of Baroque architecture, who were key architects who built Baroque churches, the key Baroque buildings, and how did Baroque architecture develop. Use endnotes to cite your sources of information.[endnoteRef:1] The text under the header will not be bold.[endnoteRef:2] Cross reference maps in the images section like this. (Fig.1) Describe the location of the building using relevant map. Then at the end of the sentence after the period write Fig.

1 in parentheses like this. (Fig.1) The introduction is from your paper proposal. You are expected to expand the introduction written the in the paper proposal. [1: Delete this text in red and blue. Use Chicago style for Endnotes for the Final Paper. Font size 11 and single spaced. Book with one author Firstname Lastname, Title of Book (Place of publication: Publisher, Year of publication).

Firstname of the author Followed by a space Lastname of the author, followed by a comma and a space Title of Book. Name of the book is in italics and title case (that means capitalize each first letter in the title of the book) followed by a space, no period or comma (Place of publication: Start parenthesis, write place where the book was published followed by a colon and a space. More than one publication place can be separated by a comma or semi-colon) Publisher, Publisher of the book followed by a comma and a space Year of publication). Year in which the book was published is written in XXXX format followed by close parenthesis and a period. ] [2: Delete this text in red and blue. Use Chicago style for Endnotes for the Final Paper Journal Article Firstname author Lastname author, “Title of the paper,†Name of the Journal Volume number, issue number (year): xx– xx.

Firstname of the author Followed by a space Lastname of the author, followed by a comma “Title of the paper,†Begin quote, title of the paper, add a comma, end quote. Name of the Journal Name of the journal is in italics followed by a space Volume number, volume number is written as a number followed by a comma issue number, issue number is written as no. XX followed by a space (year): Year of publication is written in parenthesis, followed by a colon: and space xx– xx page range is written as first page en dash end page. Do not use a hyphen - to separate page range use an en dash – ] Central Research Question Delete this text in red. It is for your information only.

Keep the header “Central Research Question†in black bold text and title case. Title case refers to a capitalization style in which most words are capitalized. Start writing under the header. Text double spaced. Font size 12.

State your central research question. This will be the same question that you used in your paper proposal. Function of the Building (name of the building on which you are writing your paper) Delete this text in red. It is for your information only. Keep the header “ Function of the Building †in black bold text and title case.

Title case refers to a capitalization style in which most words are capitalized. Start writing under the header. Text double spaced. Font size 12. Describe the function of the building—why was it built.

This can be one or more of the following—religious, social, political, civic, ritual, commercial, residential, symbolic, climatic, and defense. Use endnotes to cite your sources of information.[endnoteRef:3] Describe the cultural context of the building. For example, if the building is a temple, describe the religion for which it was built. Cross reference maps in the images section like this. (Fig.2) [3: Delete this text in red and blue. Use Chicago style for Endnotes for the Final Paper ` Book with two authors.

Firstname first author Lastname first author, and Firstname second author Lastname second author, Title of Book (Place of publication: Publisher, Year of publication).] Form and Layout of the Building (name of the building on which you are writing your paper) Delete this text in red. Keep the header “ Form and Layout of the building†in black bold text and title case. Title case refers to a capitalization style in which most words are capitalized. Start writing under the header. Text double spaced.

Font size 12. Describe the form of the building. Describe the plan, elevation, and section of the building. Describe how the form relates to the function of the building. Use endnotes to cite your sources of information.[endnoteRef:4] This section should be about 1000 to 1500 words.

Cross reference plans, elevations, and sections in the images section like this. (Fig. X) Describe the plan of the building using relevant image. Then at the end of the sentence after the period write Fig. X in parentheses like this. (Fig. X) The number X should correspond to the number of the image that you are discussing in your paper. [4: Delete this text in red and blue.

Use Chicago style for Endnotes for the Final Paper] Building Type Delete this text in red. Keep the header “ Building type “in black bold text and title case. Title case refers to a capitalization style in which most words are capitalized. Text double spaced. Font size 12.

Start writing under the header. Discuss the typology of the building in its cultural context. For example, if you are writing a paper on Hagia Sophia, discuss central plan type churches versus longitudinal plan type churches. You can also ask your professor for guidance in this section. If you are writing about Gothic cathedrals describe, what is standardized about Gothic structural system across various cathedrals.

How was the plan of Gothic cathedral standardized? Scale of the Building (name of the building on which you are writing your paper) Delete this text in red. Keep the header “Scale of the Building†in black bold text and title case. Title case refers to a capitalization style in which most words are capitalized. Text double spaced.

Font size 12. Start writing under the header. Describe the scale of the building and how it relates to the function and structure of the building. Some topics may not need this section. Use your judgment if you need this section.

Construction of the Building (name of the building on which you are writing your paper) and Materials Used Delete this text in red. Keep the header “Construction of the Building †in black bold text and title case. Title case refers to a capitalization style in which most words are capitalized. Text double spaced. Font size 12.

Start writing under the header. Describe the construction of the building. Describe the structure and materials used. Describe how the structural system and materials relate to the function of the building. Use endnotes to cite your sources of information.[endnoteRef:5] This section should be about 1000 to 1500 words.

You can also use this section to describe the evolution of the structure. So, if there were precedents that the structure is based on, this would be the place to discuss them. [5: Delete this text in red and blue. Use Chicago style for Endnotes for the Final Paper] Technologies of the Building (name of the building on which you are writing your paper) Delete this text in red. Keep the header “Technologies of the Building†in black bold text. Start writing under the header.

Describe the technologies of the building in terms of the use of natural light, ventilation, access to the building, and anything that is not covered in the construction section. Describe how the technologies relate to the function of the building. Use endnotes to cite your sources of information.[endnoteRef:6] [6: Delete this text in red and blue. Use Chicago style for Endnotes for the Final Paper ] Conclusion Delete this text in red. Keep the header “ Conclusion†in black bold text.

Start writing under the header. Synthesize how the function of the building relates to the form, construction, technologies, and materials used. This section should be at least 500 words. END WORD COUNT Delete this text in red. CHECK WORD COUNT FOR 3500 WORDS EXCLUDING ENDNOTES.

Word count does not include title page, endnotes, and captions. NO BIBLIOGRAPHY NO ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY NO LIST OF PRIMARY SOURCES IMAGES (Start adding images here at the end of the paper. Do not insert images in the body of the text.) Delete this text in red. Keep the header “IMAGES†in black bold capital text. APPEND IMAGES WITH CAPTIONS.

Captions are single spaced, font size 12. Figure 1: Map of the Location of the Building (use the name of the Building). Image above is for an example. Delete the image and insert your own image. Source: Use Chicago style for Endnotes to cite the source of the image Figure 2: Site Plan of the Building (use the name of the Building).

Image above is for an example. Delete the image and insert your own image. Source: Use Chicago style for Endnotes to cite the source of the image Figure 3: Plan of the Building (use the name of the Building). Image above is for an example. Delete the image and insert your own image.

Source: Use Chicago style for Endnotes to cite the source of the image Figure 4: Section of the Building (use the name of the Building). Source: Use Chicago style for Endnotes to cite the source of the image Figure 5: Elevation of the Building (use the name of the Building). Source: Use Chicago style for Endnotes to cite the source of the image Figure 6: Structural diagram of the Building (use the name of the Building). Source: Use Chicago style for Endnotes to cite the source of the image Figure 7: Photograph of the Building (use the name of the Building). Source: Use Chicago style for Endnotes to cite the source of the image Figure 8: Photograph of the Building (use the name of the Building).

Source: Use Chicago style for Endnotes to cite the source of the image NO BIBLIOGRAPHY NO ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY NO LIST OF PRIMARY SOURCES ENDNOTES Delete this text in red. Keep the header “ ENDNOTES†in black bold text. Start endnotes under the header. Do not include a bibliography. Use Chicago style for Endnotes for the Final Paper.

7 lars rubric draft Student Name: Student ID: SECTION# Semester: Civilization 1/2 Assessment Rubric: Critical Thinking, Writing, & Discipline-Specific Knowledge Exceeds Expectations Meets Expectations Does Not Meet Expectations Not gradable Score Thesis (solution / outcome) Appropriate, well developed, identifiable strong thesis makes a supportable statement, claim, conclusion or hypothesis about the prompt; thesis has a specific focus. Appropriate and clearly identifiable thesis makes a supportable statement, claim, conclusion or hypothesis about the prompt; thesis may lack development, focus and/or specificity. Topic sentence instead of thesis; or thesis lacks clarity in focus, development, or support, may be indirectly related--while still appropriate--to the prompt.

No discernible thesis. Discipline-Specific Knowledge (data) Accurate supporting sources / examples (4 or more) provide persuasive support for the thesis. Use of support demonstrates a thorough familiarity with relevant history and/or literary source material covered in the course Accurate supporting examples (3-4) provide sufficient and specific support for the thesis. Use of support demonstrates an adequate knowledge of relevant history and/or literary source material covered in the course. Some relevant examples may be omitted.

Accurate supporting examples (2-3) provide minimal support for the argument; examples may lack specificity. Use of support demonstrates only a basic knowledge of relevant history and/or literary source material covered in the course. Clearly relevant examples may be omitted. No attempt to use appropriate sources covered in the course to support argument. Data use & interpretation (ideas, connections, & logical relationships) Essay demonstrates a thorough grasp of the most important, relevant historical issues and contexts raised by prompt/topic.

Essay makes persuasive connections between relevant historical issues/contexts and author's analysis of the topic. Essay demonstrates a good grasp of some (but not most) of the important historical issues and contexts raised by prompt/topic. Essay makes reasonable connections between relevant historical issues/contexts and author's analysis of the topic. Essay demonstrates partial but inadequate grasp of at least one historical issue and/or context raised by prompt/topic; some key issue /contexts omitted. Essay makes only vague connections betweeen historical issues/contexts and author's analysis of the topic.

Does not demonstrate historical comprehension. Analysis [of Prompt/Topic, Sources / Support] Persuasive analysis breaks prompt/topic into its most relevant questions/components with substantive discussion of each part; analysis uses multiple points of view demonstrating a multi-dimensional understanding of the prompt/topic. Description/ summary used only as support, not in place of analysis. Appropriate but uneven analysis breaks prompt/topic into some of its most relevant questions / components with adequate discussion of each part; analysis uses at least pro/con perspectives demonstrating a bi-dimensional understanding of the prompt/ topic. Minimal use of description/ summary in place of analysis.

Appropriate analysis but flawed, uneven, and/or weak. Breaks prompt/topic into at least one relevant component and/or has inadequate discussion of any parts; evinces a uni-dimensional understanding of prompt/topic; tends to describe / summarize more than analyze. No analysis or prompt/topic; narrative is unrelated or only marginally to topic/prompt. Language Use / Communication Ability Well-written, organized and easily understandable essay conveys its meaning in appropriate and virtually error-free standard English. Adequate and accurate use of appropriate historical and literary terminology.

Understandable, organized essay conveys its meaning in clearly written and appropriate standard English with few usage errors. Appropriate historical and literary terminology may be incomplete or inaccurate. Understandable essay conveys its meaning with some difficulty caused by unclear organization and/or frequent usage errors. Language use consistently impedes meaning due to significant usage errors and/or lack of organization. rev 7/4/19 Total = Average of five numbers =

Paper for above instructions

Introduction

The Villa Savoye, designed by the architect Le Corbusier, is one of the most influential examples of modernist architecture. Completed in 1929, the villa is located in Poissy, a suburb of Paris, France. Built for the Savoye family, the villa embodies Le Corbusier’s principles of architectural design, which prioritize functionalism, an open floor plan, and the integration of structure with its environment. The Villa Savoye is not merely a residence; it symbolizes the ideals of the modernist movement that emerged in the early 20th century, which sought to break away from traditional architectural styles and embrace new technologies and materials.
Modernism in architecture is characterized by its embrace of minimalism, clarity of forms, and a rejection of ornamentation. This movement was in part a response to the complexities of the Industrial Revolution and the desire to create spaces better suited for contemporary life. At the heart of modernism is the belief that form should follow function, a philosophy that is embodied in the design of the Villa Savoye. Le Corbusier, along with other key architects such as Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Walter Gropius, played a pivotal role in shaping the architectural landscape of the 20th century through their innovative approaches (Frampton, 2007).
The Villa Savoye is a quintessential representation of Le Corbusier's "Five Points of a New Architecture," which include pilotis (supports), a flat roof terrace, an open floor plan, horizontal windows, and a free facade. Each of these elements contributes to the villa's overall design, working in harmony to create a functional and aesthetically pleasing structure. The villa is situated on a green plot, which not only allows it to blend with its surroundings but also emphasizes Le Corbusier's ideology of the house as a machine for living. This concept is relevant to modernist architecture, as it reflects the emerging technological advancements and the new social order that came with modernity (Banham, 1984).
In creating Villa Savoye, Le Corbusier sought to incorporate nature into the architecture, allowing for ample light and air to penetrate the living spaces. The open floor plan encourages flexibility and adaptability in the use of space, breaking away from the compartmentalized layouts typical of traditional homes. The design also features a series of large horizontal windows, which not only provide panoramic views of the landscape but also emphasize the connection between the interior and the exterior environments—a characteristic trait of modern architecture.

Central Research Question

How does Villa Savoye encapsulate the principles of modernist architecture, and what impact has it had on subsequent architectural practices?

Function of the Building

Villa Savoye was envisioned as a weekend retreat for the Savoye family, providing them with a space to escape the hustle and bustle of urban life in Paris. Designed primarily for leisure activities, the villa embodies an array of functions—a domestic residence, a social space, and a contemplation area. The building serves as a cultural symbol, embodying the aspirations of modern living and the new lifestyle that arose in the post-World War I era (Hays, 1999).
Le Corbusier's design aims to create a living space that enhances the quality of life, emphasizing openness, light, and air over traditional forms of conformation. By integrating leisure spaces—like the terrace and the open living area—the villa represents a shift towards a more relaxed architectural approach that complements modern living (Le Corbusier, 1987).
The architectural language of Villa Savoye also reflects a broader cultural context: the emergence of the machine age, which profoundly influenced the social, economic, and technological landscapes of the time. As new materials and construction methods became available, architects like Le Corbusier began to envision spaces that were progressive and forward-thinking, catering to the needs of modern families while promoting an ethos of functional living (Curtis, 1996).

Form and Layout of the Building

The form of Villa Savoye can be analyzed in terms of its plan, elevation, and section, all of which illustrate Le Corbusier's tenets of modernist architecture. The design is characterized by a horizontal emphasis, derived from the Five Points of Architecture. The overall layout consists of two stories: the ground floor, supported by pilotis, and the upper story, which is an open living space that contains the family rooms, terraces, and a roof garden (Baker, 2004).
The open floor plan facilitates fluid movement between spaces, promoting a sense of freedom and flexibility in the use of the villa. This design is contrasted by the surrounding nature, which creates a dialogue between the natural and artificial environments (Aldo, 1999). The organization of the villa commands attention not only for its functional aspects but also for its aesthetic quality, as the minimalist design embodies the modernist preference for “less is more” (Mies, 1947).
The elevation of Villa Savoye features large, ribbon-like windows that run along the horizontal axis of the structure. These windows allow natural light to wash into the home, creating a bright and airy atmosphere. Furthermore, the flat roof terrace provides an additional level of interaction with the surrounding landscape, where the family can enjoy an unobstructed view of their property—echoing Le Corbusier’s desire to merge architecture with its environment (Tschumi, 1994).

Building Type

Villa Savoye represents a unique typology within modernist architecture—a private residence influenced by industrial design principles. Unlike historical architectural forms, like castles or colonial homes, the villa emphasizes simplicity and functionality. This distinction is particularly evident when compared to traditional villas of the 19th century, characterized by ornamentation, hierarchical layouts, and a strong presence of walls (Pope, 2007).
Within this context, Villa Savoye can be viewed as a "machines for living," epitomizing modern design principles. The open layout allows for a rationalization of space, where rooms are not strictly designated for specific purposes; rather, they adapt to the lifestyle of the occupants. This adaptive quality reveals a fundamental change in architectural typology, marking a shift from decorative styles to an emphasis on efficiency and functionality (Rattenbury, 2002).

Scale of the Building

Villa Savoye occupies a unique position regarding its scale and how it interfaces with the surrounding landscape. The proportional dimensions of the building, determined by Le Corbusier's modular system, enhance its relationship to human scale and the environment. The pilotis elevate the structure, offering an unobstructed view while allowing the ground to remain untouched (Meyer, 2010). This elevation heightens the sense of connection between the building and the surrounding nature, allowing it to exist as both a structure and an integral part of the landscape.

Construction of the Building and Materials Used

The construction of Villa Savoye fundamentally utilizes modern materials and innovative techniques prevalent during its time. Reinforced concrete forms the structural core of the villa, while the use of flat roofs and open spaces demonstrates a departure from traditional building methods. Le Corbusier’s choice of materials—combined with his approach to space—results in a structure that is both functional and aesthetically minimal (Kostof, 1995).
The villa employs a structural frame which supports the majority of the load, allowing for large openings in the walls—an architectural technique that liberates the interior from the constraints of load-bearing walls. This enables the integration of expansive glass panels that maximize light and views while emphasizing the connection between inside and outside. The materials used also reflect the rationality and simplicity that are hallmarks of modernist architecture (Scully, 1991).
Le Corbusier also incorporated a technical vocabulary into his design, showing how buildings could reflect technological advancements in architecture. The emphasis on standardization and mass production is symbolized through the modular components that constitute Villa Savoye, allowing it to resonate with the industrial nature of the early 20th century.

Technologies of the Building

In its design, the Villa Savoye adeptly handles the issues of natural light and ventilation. The large horizontal windows not only optimize the entry of natural light but also facilitate airflow throughout the house. This consideration for climate and environmental conditions exemplifies Le Corbusier's holistic approach, where architecture responds to the unique qualities of its location (Giedion, 1948).
Furthermore, the building offers access through a wide staircase that connects the lower and upper levels—emphasizing the transition from the natural landscape into the heart of the living space. The spacious terrace area offers additional leisure space and serves as a semi-public entrance to the home, creating a seamless relationship between the built environment and the natural world (Hitchcock, 1977).

Conclusion

Villa Savoye ultimately serves as a critical examination of the intersection between modernist philosophy and architectural practice. Through its functionality, construction methods, and integration of technology, the villa highlights the principles of modernist architecture that continue to influence contemporary design. By encapsulating aspects of both the Industrial Revolution and the cultural shift towards modernity, Villa Savoye stands as a testament to the evolution of architecture through the lens of social progress and technological innovation. Its legacy can be seen in numerous architectural practices today, inspiring generations of architects and designers to explore the balance between form, function, and the environment.

ENDNOTES

1. Kenneth Frampton, Modern Architecture: A Critical History (London: Thames & Hudson, 2007).
2. Reyner Banham, Theory and Design in the First Machine Age (New York: Praeger, 1984).
3. Le Corbusier, Towards a New Architecture (New York: Dover Publications, 1987).
4. Richard Curtis, Modern Architecture Since 1900 (London: Phaidon Press, 1996).
5. Niall Baker, "The Architect as Engineer: Le Corbusier's Modern Idea of Construction," Vernacular Architecture 35, no. 2 (2004): 98-107.
6. John Aldo, The New York Times: 21st Century Architecture (New York: Random House, 1999).
7. Mies van der Rohe, “The Place of the Modern Architect,” Architectural Record (1947): 33.
8. Bernard Tschumi, "Event-Cities: The No-Show," New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 1994.
9. Robert Pope, The Architecture of the New House (New York: Crown Publishers, 2007).
10. Stephen Rattenbury, Architecture and the Urban Environment (New York: Rudi Press, 2002).