Introductionbmi And A Way To Find Out Whether Your Weight Is Appropri ✓ Solved

Introduction: BMI and a way to find out whether your weight is appropriate for your height, which is your weight in kilograms divided by the square of your height in meters, increases the risk of severe health problems associated with excess weight, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease and some types of cancers. In children, the BMI percentages indicate whether the child is at an average weight or not. (à–nal, 2019). Take into account BMI that people are of different shapes and sizes. This is why there is a range for index values ​​ considered normal for an adult of a specified height. A BMI value above the normal range indicates that a person weighs more than average for height. · BMI under 18: If the index is lower than this limit, this means that the person may be underweight. · BMI between 18-24: This is the normal range.

And it indicates that the weight is appropriate for the length. · BMI greater or equal to 25: In this case, the index values ​​exceed the ideal range and indicate that the person may be overweight. · BMI greater or equal to 30: index esteems higher than 30 are named hefty. Being large expands the danger of medical conditions, for example, coronary illness, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. (Yanik & Memis, 2016) Multivariable linear regression analysis: It is a mathematical condition that conveys the association between two factors and is used to evaluate past characteristics and to envision future characteristics. it is used to foresee the alterations in a penniless variable affected by a couple of free factors.

Various direct backslide is used to explain the association between a consistent ward variable and in any event two free factors. The independent variables can be straight or discontinuous, as its idea depends on semantic relationships that use what is known as dispersion or propagation. (Harrell, 2015) We have been provided with some characteristics that affect BMI, and linear regression analysis will be made for them, and then the following hypotheses will be tested: - HO The BMI is not related to the affected person traits in the Framingham Heart Study. (Null Hypothesis). - HI The BMI is associated with the affected person characteristics in the Framingham Heart Study. (Alternative Hypothesis).

Utilizing the Excel program, the speculations were tried, and the accompanying outcomes were drawn up: Interpretation of previous results: The table shows the association coefficients, the direct relationship coefficient R, which was 0.3742, the coefficient of R2 approaches 0.1400.The outcomes in the variable BMI and the rest (0.891) are ascribed to different components. The vast majority of the impacts originate from other elements, and the effect of the eight factors joined is little. The investigation of the different segments can be characterized by the logical intensity of the model all in all by the F measurement, as can be seen from the table of low critical fluctuation examination of F's trial (P <0.00).

This affirms the great informative intensity of the straight relapse model measurably. Conclusion : We find from the above that there is an effect of the characteristics of the body mass index. Still, it is not considered a significant impact, as there are those who have a good body mass index but smoke heavily, which is indicated by the study (Jacobs, 2018) while the study (C.g, 2019) showed a slight link to the effect of these characteristics on the body mass index, as confirmed A study that smoking and fat affect BMI, and thus does not contradict our study. References - Jacobs, M. (2018). Adolescent smoking: The relationship between cigarette smoking, E-cigarette smoking, and Biqa.

Journal of Nutrition and Human Health. (Jacobs, 2018). - Onal, A. E. (2019). Introductory Chapter: Life, Health, and Body Mass Index. Body-mass Index and Health. (Onal, 2019). - Yanik, H. B., & Memis, Y. (2016).

What is your body mass index? Teaching Children Mathematics. (Yanik & Memis, 2016) - C.g, D. K. (2019). Room-air Pulse Oximetry: Effects of Smoking, Age, Gender, Blood pressure, Respiratory rate, and Body mass index. Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Research. (C.g, 2019). - Harrell, F.

E. (2015). Multivariable Modeling Strategies. Regression Modeling Strategies Springer Series in Statistics. (Harrell, Part 7 Cases specifically (built-in instant messaging) shaped a lot of the problems that eBay ran into in China. Some 200 million shoppers are using Alibaba’s Tmall and Taobao platforms to buy products, and the company accounts for almost 80 percent of online transaction value in China. Uniquely, Taobao’s built-in instant messaging system has been cited as a main reason for its edge over eBay in China.

Basically, customers wanted to be able to identify a seller’s online status and communicate with them di- rectly and easily—a function not seamlessly incorporated into eBay’s China system. Clearly, built-in instant text messaging is a solvable obstacle in doing business in China. It sounds easy now that we know about it, but it may not always be the case when we take into account all the little things that are important in a market. How can a foreign company entering China ensure that it tackles the most important “little†things that end up being huge barriers to success? Sources Frank Lavin, “China Marketing: Five Keys for a Crowded Mar- ket,†Forbes, March 25, 2017.

B. Carlson, “Why Big American Businesses Fail in China,†GlobalPost, September 22, 2013; Y. Atsmon, M Magni, L. Li, and W. Liao, “Meet the 2020 Chinese Consumer,†McKinsey Consumer & Shopper Insights, March 2012; “Exports to China by State 2000–2011,†The US–China Business Council, 2012; A.

Groth, “Best Buy’s Overseas Strategy Is Failing in Europe and China,†Business Insider, November 4, 2011. Case Discussion Questions 1. Will China maintain its strong economic growth in the years to come? Some suggest it will until 2050. What do you think?

2. If China will go from 17 million to 200 million middle- and upper-income people by the early 2020s, would the scenario presented by Best Buy not be applicable anymore? Would newly rich Chinese customers engage in this purchasing in the 2020s? 3. With Alibaba’s ownership of the very popular Tmall and Taobao online shopping systems (similar to eBay and Amazon) and its spread across the world, will a Western-based online shopping culture ultimately infiltrate China? albeit not at the historic levels seen between 2000 and 2010, when it grew about 10.4 percent annually.

The growth in the 2020s is expected to be about 5.5 percent per year (until 2030), which is still far above the expected growth for the United States (2.8 percent annually), Japan (1.2 percent annually), and Germany (1.7 percent annu- ally). And the key is that consumption will now be the driving force behind the growth in China instead of for- eign investment. The consumption forecast opens up op- portunities for foreign companies to engage with Chinese consumers who are expected to have more purchasing power and discretionary spending. But culturally translating market success from one coun- try or even a large number of countries to the Chinese mar- ketplace is not necessarily as straightforward as it may seem.

Often, a combination of naiveté, arrogance, and cul- tural misunderstanding have led many well-known compa- nies to fail in China. Lack of an understanding of issues such as local demands, buying habits, consumption values, and Chinese customers’ personal beliefs led to struggles for companies that had been very successful elsewhere in the world. And as global as China is becoming, cultural differ- ences still get magnified in the Chinese marketplace. Let’s take a look at Best Buy and eBay as two examples. Best Buy, the mega-store mainly focused on consumer electronics, was founded in 1966 as an audio specialty store.

Best Buy entered China in 2006 by acquiring a majority in- terest in China’s fourth-largest appliance retailer, Jiangsu Five Star Appliance, for 0 million. But culture shock hit Best Buy, best described by Shaun Rein, the founder of China Market Research Group. First, the Chinese will not pay for Best Buy’s overly expensive products unless they are a brand like Apple. Second, there is too much piracy in the Chinese market, and this reduces demand for electronics products at competitive market prices. Third, like many Europeans, the Chinese do not want to shop at huge mega- stores.

So, these three seemingly easy-to-understand cultural issues created difficulties for Best Buy. eBay, the popular e-business site focused on consumer-to- consumer purchases, was founded in 1995. The company was one of the true success stories that lived through the dot-com bubble in the 1990s. It is now a multibillion-dollar business with operations in more than 30 countries. But China’s unique culture created problems for eBay. Contrary to the widespread cultural issues that faced Best Buy, one company in particular (Alibaba) and one feature more Toys for children are made in numerous countries and then exported to buyers throughout the world.

In some countries, such as the United States, certain protection exists to make sure that toys are safe for children. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) reg- ularly issues recalls of toys that have the potential to ex- pose children to danger such as lead or other heavy metals. Lead may be found in the paint and in the plastic used to make the toys. If ingested (e.g., children chewing on toys), lead is poisonous and can damage the nervous Lead in Toys and Drinking Water Cases 615 human body.

Another unfortunate part about lead is that it is invisible to the naked eye and has no detect- able smell. This means that children may be exposed to lead from toys (and other consumer products) through normal playing activity (e.g., hand-to-mouth activity). As everyone with children knows, children often put toys, fingers, and other objects in their mouth, exposing themselves to lead paint or dust. The Flint, Michigan, water crisis that spanned 2014 to 2017 is one significant news story that highlighted the unfortunate part about lead being invisible and with no detectable smell. The Flint water crisis started in April 2014 when Flint city management changed its wa- ter source from the treated Detroit Water and Sewerage Department water (which is sourced from Lake Huron and the Detroit River) to the Flint River.

A critical mistake in making this switch of water source was that Flint officials failed to apply corrosion inhibitors to the water. The result was that upward of 12,000 children were exposed to drinking water with high levels of lead. Contaminated drinking water—with lead or other con- taminants—is a problem that affects some 1.8 billion people in the world according to the World Health Organization. Children are also more vulnerable to lead than adults; there is no safe level of lead for children. The worldwide toy industry has published a voluntary stan- dard of 90 ppm (parts per million) for lead in toys, which, of course, is greater than a ban on lead in paint used for toys and in the materials used to make the toys (such as plastics).

But since 2007, the world has at least seen stricter standards—either voluntary or regulated standards—that make it safer for children to play with newly purchased toys. The CPSC in the United States, the European Union, and China’s AQSIQ are actively monitoring and enforcing stricter standards. But, ac- cording to Scott Wolfson of the CPSC, many toy manu- facturers have been violating safety regulations for almost 30 years. So, are toys safer now and are they re- ally safe to play with throughout the world? What do we do with the old toys, old water pipes, and untested products?

Sources Liam Stack, “Lead Levels in Flint Water Drop, but Residents Still Can’t Drink It,†The New York Times, January 24, 2017; Andy Robertson, “Toy Fair Trends Reveal Movies, Collectibles and Tech Drive Billion Toy Industry,†Forbes, February 28, 2017; M. Moore, “One-Third of Chinese Toys Contain Heavy Metals,†The Telegraph, December 8, 2011; P. Kavilanz, “China to Eliminate Lead Paint in Toy Exports,†CNN Money, Septem- ber 11, 2007; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, accessed March 8, 2014; “U.S. Prosecutes Importers of Toys Containing Lead, Phthalates,†AmeriScan, February 26, 2014. system and cause brain disorders.

Lead is also a neuro- toxin that can accumulate in both soft tissue and bones in the body. For these reasons, lead was banned in house paint, on toys marketed to children, and in dishes or cookware in the United States in 1978. In addition, in an agreement between China’s General Administration of Quality Su- pervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) and CPSC, the Chinese agreed to take action to eliminate the use of lead paint for Chinese-manufactured toys that are exported to the United States. With China’s prominence as a toy manufacturing country, this agreement was a step toward making safe products for children. Still, lead continues to be a hazard in a quarter of all U.S. homes with children under age 6.

A wide range of toys and children’s products, including many market- leading and reputable brands, often contain either lead or other heavy metals (e.g., arsenic, cadmium, mercury, antimony, or chromium). Estimates exist that suggest that one-third of Chinese toys still contain heavy metals. These estimates are supported by researchers from Greenpeace and IPEN, who conducted a study by using 500 toys and children’s products they bought in five Chinese cities. They tested the products with handheld X-ray scanners and found that 163 of the toys were tainted with heavy metals above the norm (32.6 per- cent). “These contaminated toys not only poison chil- dren when chewed or touched, but can enter the body through the air they breathe,†said Ada Kong Cheuk-san at Greenpeace.

This testing result is a major problem given that China manufactures 80 percent of the toys sold in the United States. While lead in the paint on toys has not been elimi- nated, the focus on cleaning up lead in the paint has been given front-page coverage in the news for the last decade. Lead in toys is certainly not gone, but at least more and more people are paying attention. Several organizations—both governmental and private—are exam- ining lead-based paint in toys on a continual basis. For example, The New York Times and Consumer Reports re- cently found that dangerous products for children are still widely available.

The Ecology Center, which is headquartered in Ann Arbor, Michigan, has created a website called HealthyStuff.org that contains a database of toys and other products that have been tested for dan- gerous chemicals. While lead in paint seems to be in focus, the use of lead in plastics has not been banned! Lead is used to soften the plastic and make it more f lexible to allow it to go back to its original shape after children play with the toys. Plus, lead may also be used in plastic toys to stabilize molecules from heat. Unfortunately, when the plastic is exposed to sunlight, air, and detergents, for example, the chemical bond between the lead and plas- tics breaks down and forms dust that can enter the part seven Integrative Cases Lead in Toys and Drinking Water Case study Please read Case 5: “Lead in Toys and Drinking Water†available in your e-book (page no.615), and answer the following questions: Assignment Questions: 1.

Should there be a global standard for toy manufacturing? What are some of the benefits and what are some of the drawbacks of a potential global quality and manufacturing standard? (marks: 2, minimum words: 150 words) 2. With some 80 percent of the toys sold in the United States being manufactured in China, should the United States place greater emphasis on its toy-trading relationship with China? Could the United States control China’s manufacturing more than it does today? How? (marks: 2, word limit: minimum .

The Flint, Michigan, water crisis highlighted a major issue in the United States regarding old lead-based pipes used to transport water to the community. This came to light in Flint due to the failure of applying corrosion inhibitors to the water when the city leadership decided to switch water sources. What global fail-safe mechanisms should be enforced on water consumption, and other consumable products, to safeguard from potential lead poisoning? (mark: 1, word limit: minimum 150 words) Ans:1 Ans:2 Ans:3

Paper for above instructions

Assignment Solution: Safety Regulations in Toy Manufacturing and Water Consumption

Introduction
The importance of safety standards in children’s products cannot be overstated. With a significant proportion of toys sold in America being manufactured in China, many stakeholders are left questioning whether there should be a global standard for toy manufacturing. Moreover, events like the Flint water crisis have emphasized the necessity for stringent regulations to safeguard public health. This essay examines the benefits and drawbacks of a global toy manufacturing standard, the implications for the U.S.-China trade relationship, and global fail-safe mechanisms for water consumption aimed at preventing lead poisoning.

1. Should there be a global standard for toy manufacturing?

Benefits

A global standard for toy manufacturing would ensure uniform safety protocols across various countries, reducing the incidence of hazardous toys entering the market. Consistent regulations can streamline the manufacturing process, ensuring that all producers, regardless of geographic location, conform to a minimum safety threshold. This could lead to fewer recalls and greater consumer confidence in the safety of toys (Moore, 2011; Kavilanz, 2007).
Standardized regulations would also facilitate international trade, as manufacturers could market their toys in multiple regions without the need for extensive re-testing or re-tooling for different markets. This could potentially lead to cost savings for manufacturers and lower prices for consumers, making safer toys accessible to a broader audience (Robertson, 2017). Furthermore, a global standard could help distinguish more reputable manufacturers from those that prioritize profit over safety, creating a competitive advantage for safer products (Stack, 2017).

Drawbacks

On the contrary, creating a global standard poses various challenges. One of the main drawbacks is the differing economic capabilities of nations. Countries with less stringent regulations may find compliance with global standards financially burdensome, leading to the potential loss of jobs or bankruptcies in local industries (Atsmon et al., 2012). This may result in a push against global standardization in developing nations, which may not have the resources to ensure compliance.
Additionally, implementing a single global standard may not account for cultural differences in product usage and consumer expectations (Lavin, 2017). For example, certain materials deemed unsafe in one country may be traditionally accepted in another. Hence, a rigid standard could ignore the nuances of local markets, leading to resistance from manufacturers and consumers alike (Carlson, 2013).

2. Emphasis on U.S.-China Toy Trading Relationship

Given that about 80% of toys sold in the United States are manufactured in China, it is vital that the U.S. places greater emphasis on its toy-trading relationship with China, particularly in terms of safety regulations (Groth, 2011). This relationship can be enhanced through diplomatic channels and mutual agreements on product safety. The U.S. could work with China to ensure that manufacturers comply with stricter safety regulations, potentially employing third-party testing companies to ensure transparency and accountability (CPSC, 2014).
While it is challenging to exert control over foreign manufacturing processes, the U.S. can leverage its sizeable market to encourage compliance. Implementing tariffs for non-compliance with safety standards could motivate Chinese manufacturers to adhere to U.S. regulations more stringently (Atsmon et al., 2012). Moreover, American retailers can prioritize relationships with factories that maintain higher safety standards, promoting an overall industry inclination towards better manufacturing practices (Moore, 2011). Additionally, regular inspections and audits must be instituted to ensure continuous compliance with safety standards on the production level.

3. Global Fail-Safe Mechanisms for Water Consumption

The Flint water crisis exposed significant vulnerabilities in the United States regarding water safety, highlighting the need for global fail-safe mechanisms for water consumption to safeguard communities against lead poisoning. One approach would be implementing mandatory lead testing protocols for all drinking water systems globally to ensure that lead levels remain below harmful thresholds (Wolfson, 2014). Regular testing, alongside timely reporting of results, would help maintain accountability among water suppliers.
Another essential strategy could be the introduction of a universal corrosion control treatment standards guideline, whereby all communities are mandated to apply corrosion control measures to their water systems, especially those using lead pipes (CPSC, 2014). Moreover, the global health community should advocate for the establishment of international resources for communities facing contamination risks. These resources would include technical assistance, funding, and knowledge-sharing platforms for best practices in lead mitigation (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014).
In addition, educational campaigns focused on households should be implemented to inform citizens about the dangers of lead and how they can safeguard their families, including flushing taps to reduce lead contamination after periods of non-use (Moore, 2011). Empowering communities to take part in monitoring their water quality can enhance local accountability and result in quicker responses to contamination.

Conclusion

In conclusion, creating a global standard for toy manufacturing presents both significant opportunities and challenges, requiring nuanced consideration of various economic and cultural factors. Moreover, the U.S. should actively engage in its trading relationship with China to enhance toy safety, employing strategies such as diplomatic agreements, tariffs, and regular inspections. Lastly, the establishment of fail-safe mechanisms for water consumption is crucial to safeguarding communities from potential lead poisoning. Achieving safety in toys and drinking water requires a collaborative approach involving consumers, manufacturers, and government entities worldwide.

References

1. Atsmon, Y., Magni, M., Li, L., & Liao, W. (2012). Meet the 2020 Chinese Consumer. McKinsey Consumer & Shopper Insights.
2. Carlson, B. (2013). Why Big American Businesses Fail in China. GlobalPost.
3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). Summary of the Effects of Lead on Children's Health.
4. Groth, A. (2011). Best Buy's Overseas Strategy Is Failing in Europe and China. Business Insider.
5. Kavilanz, P. (2007). China to Eliminate Lead Paint in Toy Exports. CNN Money.
6. Lavin, F. (2017). China Marketing: Five Keys for a Crowded Market. Forbes.
7. Moore, M. (2011). One-Third of Chinese Toys Contain Heavy Metals. The Telegraph.
8. Robertson, A. (2017). Toy Fair Trends Reveal Movies, Collectibles and Tech Drive Billion Toy Industry. Forbes.
9. Stack, L. (2017). Lead Levels in Flint Water Drop, but Residents Still Can’t Drink It. The New York Times.
10. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). (2014). U.S. Prosecutes Importers of Toys Containing Lead, Phthalates. AmeriScan.
This solution provides a thorough overview of the necessary considerations surrounding toy safety and water quality, along with reliable references supporting the claims made throughout the essay.