Please answer and cite the two following questions: 1- Provide a brief summary (

Question

Please answer and cite the two following questions:

1- Provide a brief summary (5 sentences) about all the ways the human bodv responds to infection of an invading pathogen. Then describe the biology of the 1918 flu, given this information: The 1918 flu was particularly dangerous to people of younger age, unlike most flus which generally kill the very old, the very young, and pregnant women. This flu works bv what is known as a "cytokine storm". How did the CDC recover the 1918 flu in order to study it and how it works?How does a "cytokine storm" work to kill people? Why would this kill people in their 20's and 30's more than the very young or the very old? This answer should be AT MINIMUM 15 sentences long. Cite your sources.

Explanation / Answer

In the case of infection by invading pathogen, aquired immune system develop in which cells in blood called white blood cells neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, lymphocytes and monocytes move throughout the bloodstream and prevent against infection. B- lymphocytes produce antibiotic against that pathogen. T lymphocytes directly kills virus infected cells by presention on CD molecule by antigen presenting cells. In case of infection immune system also recruit macrophage and T cell at the site of infection that are regulated by cytokines.

1918 flu kill the people in the age of 20 to 30 more than the very young or old people because many young adult born from about 1880 to 1900 were exposed during childhood to putative H3N8 virus circulating in the population which featured surface protein distinct to both the major antigenic protein of H1N1 virus whereas individual born earlier or later than 1880 to 1900 could have better protection to 1918 H1N1 virus die to childhood exposure to H1 and N1 related antigen.

CDC reconstruct the H1N1 virus reponsible for 1918 flu . They began with the testing of virus containg 8 subsets of gene of 1918 virus. Study of individual gene provide insight into the basis of virulancethat is used for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease and designing of antiviral drug.

1918 flu caused by the pandemic virus arose shortly before 1918 upon the aquisition of genetic material from bird flu virus by an already circulating human H1 virus that has entered in human population 10- 15 year before the 1918. In this flu abnormal activation of immune cell cause cytokine storm which caused death of people.

Cytokine storm inflamming the tissue of lungs and crowding the air passage causing breathing difficulties which leads to the cell death.

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