In your own words, define the following terms, including any other information a
ID: 102625 • Letter: I
Question
In your own words, define the following terms, including any other information asked for in parentheses:
Eukaryotic chromosome (also, how many total chromosomes do humans have?):
Sets of chromosomes (in humans, how many chromosomes are in a “set” of chromosomes?):
Autosomes (also, how many total autosomes do humans have in every cell?):
Sex chromosomes (also, how many sex chromosomes do humans have in every cell?):
Chromatin (also, during which phase does chromatin condense? What does it condense to?):
Sister chromatid (also, during what phase are chromatids formed? Is this during mitosis or interphase?):
Mitosis:
Meiosis:
Crossing over (also, when does this occur? Be specific):
Cytokinesis:
Centromere:
Centrosome:
Homologous chromosomes (also, from whom do we inherit each of these?):
Haploid (also, what stage(s) of the human life cycle is/are haploid? What process do humans use to make haploid cells?):
Diploid (also, what stage(s) of the human life cycle is/are diploid?):
Explanation / Answer
1)Eukaryotic chromosomes carries with it a DNA-protein complicated that's organized in an exceedingly compact manner which allows the big quantity of DNA to be hold on within the nucleus of the cell. The monetary unit designation of the body is body substance. the elemental unit of body substance is that the nucleosome.
(In humans, each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46. Twenty-two of these pairs, called autosomes, look the same in both males and females. The 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, differ between males and females.)
2)Human cells have twenty three combines of chromosomes (22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes), giving a complete of forty six per cell. additionally to those, human cells have several many copies of the mitochondrial ordination.
3)22 pairs of autosomes .
4)one pair of sex chromosomes.
5)During interphase (1), chromatin granule is in its least condensed state and seems loosely distributed throughout the nucleus. chromatin granule condensation begins throughout prophase (2) and chromosomes come into sight. Chromosomes stay condensed throughout the assorted stages of cell division (2-5).
6)A sister strand refers to either of the 2 identical copies (chromatids) fashioned by the replication of one body, with each copies joined alongby a typical structure. In different words, a sister strand might also be same to be 'one-half' of the duplicated body. A full set of sister chromatids is made throughout the synthesis (S) part of interphase.
7)a type of organic process that ends up in 2 cells every having a similar variety and type of chromosomes because the parent nucleus, typical of normal tissue growth.
8)Meiosis may be a sort of biological process that reduces the amount of chromosomes within the parent cell by 0.5 and produces four reproductive cell cells. This method is needed to supply egg and spermatozoon cells for reproduction.
9)Crossing over (genetic recombination) is that the method wherever homologous chromosomes combine up with one another and exchange totally different segments of genetic material to make recombinant chromosomes. It happens between prophase one and metaphase one of meiosis.
10)Cytokinesis is that the physical method of biological process, that divides the protoplasm of a parental cell into 2 female offspring cells. It happens at the same time with 2 kinds of nuclear division known as cell division and meiosis, that occur in animal cells.
11)the region of a body to that the microtubules of the spindle attach, via the bodily structure, throughout biological process.
12)an organ close to the nucleus of a cell that contains the centrioles (in associateimal cells) and from that the spindle fibres develop in biological process.
13)The twenty two pairs of homologous chromosomes contain constant genes however code for various traits in their allelomorphic forms since one was inheritable from the mother and one from the daddy. thus humans have 2 homologous body sets in every cell, that meanshumans area unit diploid organisms.
14)Meiosis, on the opposite hand, is employed for only one purpose within the human body: the assembly of gametes—sex cells, or spermatozoan and eggs. Its goal is to create girl cells with precise as several chromosomes because the beginning cell.
15)Mitosis is employed for pretty much all of your body’s organic process desires. It adds new cells throughout development and replaces previous and worn-out cells throughout your life. The goal of cell division is to supply girl cells that ar genetically the image of their mothers, with not one body a lot of or less.