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Accidentally chewing on a stray fragment of aluminum foil can cause a sharp toot

ID: 1066083 • Letter: A

Question

Accidentally chewing on a stray fragment of aluminum foil can cause a sharp tooth pain if the aluminum comes in contact with an amalgam filling. The filling, an alloy of silver, tin, and mercury, acts as the cathode of a tiny galvanic cell, the aluminum behaves as the anode, and saliva serves as the electrolyte. When the aluminum and the filling come in contact, an electric current passes from the aluminum to the filling, which is sensed by a nerve in the tooth. Aluminum is oxidized at the anode, and O2 gas is reduced to water at the cathode. Calculate the cell voltage at 37C. You may assume that [Al3+] = 1.3×109 M , PO2 = 0.19 atm , and that saliva has a pH of 7.0. Also assume that the E values in Appendix D in the textbook apply at 37 C. E=E2.303RT/nFlog [Al3+]4/(PO2)3[H+]12 PLEASE SHOW ALL STEPS! Thank you for the help.

Explanation / Answer

Al(s) -->

O2(g) + 4 H+ + 4 e 2 H2O +1.229

Al3+ + 3 e Al(s) 1.662

Aluminium must be inverted

Al(s) Al3+ + 3 e +1.662

E°cell = Ered - EOx = 1.229+1.662 = 2.89

E=E2.303RT/nF*log ([Al+3]^4 / [P-O2]^3[H+]^12)

E=2.892.303*8.314*(37+263)/(12*96500)*log ((1.3*10^-9)^4 / ((0.19^2)(10^-7)^2)

E = 2.98971 V