Matching. Choose the BEST match from column B for column A. Responses from colum
ID: 125478 • Letter: M
Question
Matching. Choose the BEST match from column B for column A. Responses from column B may be used more than once Column A Column B A. Gardnerella vaginalis B. Gonorrhea C. Genital herpes D. Hepatitis B 1. Protozoan 2. Treponema palladium 3. Chancre 4. Vaccine available 5. Symptoms: frothy vaginal discharge with fishy odor E. Genital warts 6. Implicated in causing cervical cancer 7. Trachoma 8. Neisseria gonorrhea 9. Antibiotic resistance is an increasing problem 10. Crabs 11. Symptoms: burning, itching, and thick, white vaginal K. Public lice F. Chlamydia trachomatis G. Syphilis H. Candida albicans I. Trichomonas J. Scabies discharge Symptoms: greenish-yellow, frothy vaginal discharge Tiny burrowing mites 12. 13.Explanation / Answer
1. Protozoans – trichomonas
The group of organisms known as 'protozoa' are defined by a few of their shared characteristics. Protozoa are non-phototrophic, unicellular, eukaryotic microorganisms with no cell walls. This diverse group of over 65,000 species generally share these basic attributes. Looking deeper, this group can be extremely complex and variable. In fact, the protozoa are often described as the pinnacle of unicellular complexity.
Trichomonas, cause sexually transmitted diseases that are relatively benign and 100% curable. The vast majority of the species, though, are completely harmless. But, as is usually the case in microbiology, it's the dangerous ones that get the most attention.
2. Treponema pallidum- syphilis
Treponema pallidum is a spirochaete bacterium with subspecies that cause treponemal diseases such as syphilis, bejel, pinta, and yaws. It is a helically coiled microorganism usually 6–15 µm long and 0.1–0.2 µm wide. The treponemes have a cytoplasmic and an outer membrane. Using light microscopy, treponemes are visible only by using dark field illumination. They are Gram negative, but some regard them as too thin to be Gram stained.
T. p. pallidum is a motile spirochaete that is generally acquired by close sexual contact, entering the host via breaches in squamous or columnar epithelium. The organism can also be transmitted to a fetus by transplacental passage during the later stages of pregnancy, giving rise to congenital syphilis.
3. Chancre- syphilis
A chancre is a painless ulceration (sore) most commonly formed during the primary stage of syphilis. This infectious lesion forms approximately 21 days after the initial exposure to Treponema pallidum, the gram-negative spirochaetebacterium yielding syphilis. Chancres transmit the sexually transmissible disease of syphilis through direct physical contact. These ulcers usually form on or around the anus, mouth, and vagina. Chancres may diminish between four and eight weeks[2] without the application of medication.
4. Vaccine available- Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B vaccine is made from parts of the hepatitis B virus. It cannot cause hepatitis B infection. The vaccine is usually given as 3 or 4 shots over a 6-month period. Infants should get their first dose of hepatitis B vaccine at birth and will usually complete the series at 6 months of age. All children and adolescents younger than 19 years of age who have not yet gotten the vaccine should also be vaccinated. Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for unvaccinated adults who are at risk for hepatitis B virus infection.
5. Symptoms: frothy vaginal discharge with fishy odour- trichomonas
Trichomoniasis causes a frothy vaginal discharge that may be yellow-green or gray, itching and irritation of the genitals, burning with urination (sometimes confused with a urinary tract infection), discomfort during intercourse, and a foul smell. Because trichomoniasis is a sexually-transmitted disease, symptoms may appear within 4-20 days after exposure.
6. Implicated in causing cervical cancer- genital warts
Most cervical cancer is caused by a virus called human papillomavirus, or HPV. You can get HPV by having sexual contact with someone who has it. There are many types of the HPV virus. Not all types of HPV cause cervical cancer. Some of them cause genital warts, but other types may not cause any symptoms.
Most adults have been infected with HPV at some time. An infection may go away on its own. But sometimes it can cause genital warts or lead to cervical cancer. That's why it's important for women to have regular Pap tests. A Pap test can find changes in cervical cells before they turn into cancer. If you treat these cell changes, you may prevent cervical cancer.
7. Trachoma- Chlamydia trachomatis
Trachoma is an infectious disease caused by bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. The infection causes a roughening of the inner surface of the eyelids. This roughening can lead to pain in the eyes, breakdown of the outer surface or cornea of the eyes, and eventual blindness. Untreated, repeated trachoma infections can result in a form of permanent blindness when the eyelids turn inward.
8. Neisseria gonorrhoea- gonorrhea
N. gonorrhoeae is the causative agent of gonorrhea (also called "the clap") and is transmitted via sexual contact. Neisseria Gonorrhoeae is a bacteria so it is considered prokaryotic. Also it is non-spore forming, non motile and the oxygen requirements is considered obligate aerobe (need oxygen because they cannot ferment or respire anaerobically- without oxygen)
9. Antibiotic resistance is an increasing problem- Chlamydia trachomatis
Firstly, is there a problem of antibiotic resistance? The answer is yes and no. Some bacteria still remain sensitive to long established treatments, including Chlamydia trachomatis to tetracyclines and macrolides, Streptococcus pyogenes to penicillin, and most anaerobes to metronidazole.
10. Crabs- pubic lice
Pubic lice (Sing: pubic louse), also known as crab louse, crabs, or Fullers; Latin name Pthirus pubis are tiny parasitic blood-sucking wingless insects that infest the human genitals, causing itching and red spots.
11. Symptoms-Chlamydia trachomatis.
Yeast infections (Chlamydia trachomatis) cause a thick, whitish-gray "cottage cheese" type of vaginal discharge and may be itchy. You may have intense itching in your genital area. Painful urination and intercourse are common. You may not always have a vaginal discharge. Most male partners of women with yeast infection do not experience any symptoms of the infection.
12. Symptoms-Trichomonas
Trichomoniasis causes a frothy vaginal discharge that may be yellow-green or gray, itching and irritation of the genitals, burning with urination (sometimes confused with a urinary tract infection), discomfort during intercourse, and a foul smell. Because trichomoniasis is a sexually-transmitted disease, symptoms may appear within 4-20 days after exposure.
13. Tiny burrowing mites- scabies
Scabies is a skin condition caused by an infestation of the human itch mite called Sarcoptes scabiei. These microscopic mites burrow into the skin and cause symptoms of itching and rash.