Answer the following in about 50 to 100 words. You can use google or any resourc
ID: 1376130 • Letter: A
Question
Answer the following in about 50 to 100 words. You can use google or any resource. You don't need to show equations, just explain in words.
1) Section 18.1 of your textbook states that ordinarily, pressure, volume, and temperature cannot change individually without one affecting the others. Yet when a liquid evaporates, its volume changes, even though its pressure and temperature are constant. Is this inconsistent? Why or why not?
2) Give two examples of reversible processes and two examples of irreversible processes in purely mechanical systems, such as blocks sliding on planes, springs, pulleys, and strings. Explain what makes each process reversible or irreversible.
3) Is it a violation of the second law of thermodynamics to convert mechanical energy completely into heat? To convert heat completely into work? Explain your answers.
Thanks
Answer the following in about 50 to 100 words. You can use google or any resource. You don't need to show equations, just explain in words.
1) Section 18.1 of your textbook states that ordinarily, pressure, volume, and temperature cannot change individually without one affecting the others. Yet when a liquid evaporates, its volume changes, even though its pressure and temperature are constant. Is this inconsistent? Why or why not?
2) Give two examples of reversible processes and two examples of irreversible processes in purely mechanical systems, such as blocks sliding on planes, springs, pulleys, and strings. Explain what makes each process reversible or irreversible.
3) Is it a violation of the second law of thermodynamics to convert mechanical energy completely into heat? To convert heat completely into work? Explain your answers.
Thanks
Explanation / Answer
1) Not inconsistent because these measurements apply to gases not liquids.
2) reversible processes : springs , strings
irreversible processes : blocks sliding on planes , pulleys
3) NO, mechanical energy can be converted entirely into heat. This is essentially what a refrigerator does when it uses mechanical energy, converts it to heat energy, and then adds it to a hot reservoir. An electric space heater also coverts electrical energy entirely to heat. Complete conversion of mechanical energy into heat inevitably involves an increase in entropy and is thus fully allowed by the second law of thermodynamics, while complete conversion of heat into mechanical energy violates the second law.