Styles 6. Match the polymer (macromolecule) with its correct monomer (building b
ID: 144917 • Letter: S
Question
Styles 6. Match the polymer (macromolecule) with its correct monomer (building block) by entering the correct letter in the space provided. (2 points Protein Nucleic acid Carbohydrates Triglyceride a. glycerol and three fatty acids b. monosaccharides c. amino acids d. nucleotides 7. Summarize the functions of each of these classes of molecules in living organisms. (2 points) carbohydrates Click here to enter text. B. lipids Click here to enter text C. proteins Click here to enter text D. nucleic acids Click here to enter text. 8. Describe the properties that make water essential for life on Earth. (I point) Click here to enter text.Explanation / Answer
6) match the following :
a) protein - amino acid
Amino acids are the monomers that constitute proteins. A protein is compose of one or more linear chains of amino acids, which is called a polypeptide.
b) Nucleic acid - nucleotides
A complex organic substance present in living cells,( DNA or RNA) whose molecules consist of many nucleotide associated in a long chain .
C) carbohydrates - monosaccharides
carbohydrates : also known as saccharides ,sugars, carbs or starches. carbohydrates class of naturally occuring synthesis and derivatives formes from them .
types : there are 3 classes of carbohydrates :
> monosaccharides
>diasaccharides
>polysaccharides
monosaccharides : white crystal solid that contain a single aldehyde or ketone functional group .
general formula of carbohydrates :
Cx(H2O)y
d) Triglycerides - glycerol and 3 fatty acid
Triglycerides : types of fat / lipid found in body . Triglycerides is the combination of glycerol and 3 fatty acid molecules . Triglycerides are chemically tri esters of fatty acid and glycerol .
7)function of each class of molecule in living organism :
a) function of carbohydrate in living organism:
Glucose is the only sugar that provide energy. All digestible polysaccharides, disaccharides, and monosaccharides must finally be converted into glucose. Because of its significant importance to proper cellular function, blood glucose levels must be kept relatively constant.The Role of Carbohydrates in Living Organisms Carbohydrates are composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. There are some function of carbohydrates are listed below:
b) function of lipids in living organism:
Lipids are a group of biological molecules that include fats, oils and some steroids. They are built from fatty acids bonded with other compounds.lipids are insoluble in water.lipid also known as hydrophobic molecules because they are push back by water.the most important function lipids perform is as the building blocks of cellular membranes, energy storage, insulation, cellular communication and protection. In living organisms, lipids play the important roles in storing energy and ensuring proper cell membrane development.
c) function of proteins in living organism:
Proteins are large, complex molecules .Proteins are made up of hundreds or thousands of smaller units called amino acids, which are linked to each other in a long chains. There are 20 different types of amino acids that can be combined to make a protein.function of protein are listed below:
>Transport/storage- proteins bind and carry atoms or small molecules within cells and throughout the body. eg :Ferritin
>Messenger: Messenger proteins (hormones) convey signals to synchronize biological processes between different cells, tissues, and organs. eg: growth hormone
>Antibody:Antibodies link to specific foreign particles( viruses and bacteria) to help protect the body.eg: Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
> Enzyme: Enzymes carry out thousands of chemical reactions that take place in cells. They also serve with the formation of new molecules by reading the genetic information stored in DNA. eg: Phenylalaninehydroxylase
d) function of nucleic acids in living organisms:
Nucleic acids are made up of the elements carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and phosphorous. Nucleic acids are important because they make up genetic information in living things. There are 2 types of nucleic acid: DNA and RNA. DNA is the basic requirement for living things. It is passed down from parent to offspring and is found in the nucleus of the cell. RNA is very important for making proteins in a cell and can be found afloat around in the cytoplasm of a cell. DNA and RNA are made up of neucleotides called adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine and uracil.
8) property of water makes essential for life on earth:
Water is fundamental for all life without it every living thing would die. It covers about 70% of Earth's surface and it makes up 65-75% of our bodies (82% of our blood is water).The chemical composition of water is 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom. Water has special properties because these atoms bond in collaboration to form a water molecule and the way the molecules interact with each other.
Water's polarity allows it to dissolve other polar substances very comfortably. When a polar substance is insert in water, the positive ends of its molecules are entice to the negative ends of the water molecules, and vice versa. The attractions cause the molecules of the new substance to be mixed uniformly with the water molecules. Water dissolves more substances than any other liquid – even the strongest acid. Because of this, it is called the 'universal solvent.' The dissolving power of water is very important for life on Earth.
Because of their polarity, water molecules are strongly attracted to one another. becouse of this water a high surface tension. Insects that can walk on water are taking advantage of this surface tension.
Water is the only natural substance that can exist in all three states of matter – solid, liquid, and gas at the temperatures normally found on Earth.
The solid state of water - ice . Most liquids contract as they are cooled, because the molecules move slower and have less energy to resist attraction to each other. When they freeze into solids they form bulletproof crystals that are much opaque than the liquid was originally. The gaseous state of water is present frequently in our atmosphere as water vapor. The liquid state is found everywhere in rivers, lakes, and oceans.
Water found everywhere on Earth from the polar ice caps to steamy geysers. If water acted like other liquids, lakes and rivers would freeze solid and all life in them would die.