QUESTION ONE DISCUSS BURNS. (20 marks) Your work should be 5-6 pages and should

ID: 163861 • Letter: Q

Question

QUESTION ONE

DISCUSS BURNS. (20 marks)

Your work should be 5-6 pages and should include the following sub-topics

1. Definition

2. Causes

3. Categories and characteristics

4. Effects of burns on the body

5. Aim(s) of Nutrition management

6. Dietary management of burn patients

7. References

QUESTION TWO

IN DETAILS DISCUSS HYPERTENSION (20 marks)

Your work should have 5-6 pages and should include the following sub-topics

1. Definition and classification of blood pressure

2. Risk factors

3. Effects of high blood pressure on health

4. Aim(s) of nutritional management of hypertension

5. Management of hypertension through diet and lifestyle changes

6. References

Explanation / Answer

Question One-Burns

Definition- A burn is an injury to the skin or other organic tissue primarily caused by heat or due to radiation, radioactivity, electricity, friction or contact with chemicals. And as well as respiratory damage resulting from smoke inhalation, are also considered to be burns.

Causes

1) The majority of burns are called flame burns since they're caused by fire.

2) A wound to the skin caused by a hot liquid is called a scald.

3) Damage to the skin caused by a hot object is called a contact burn.

4) Sunburn involves damage to the skin caused by ultraviolet (UV) rays.

5) Electrical burns are caused by currents of electricity.

6) Contact with flammable gases or liquids may cause chemical burns. Inhaling hot gases could damage the upper airways, making it difficult to breathe.

Categories and characteristics

Classification of Burns

First Degree

Or Minor

The burned area is painful. The outer skin is
reddened. Slight swelling is present.

Second Degree

Or Moderate

The burned area is painful. The underskin is affected.
Blisters may form. The area may have a wet, shiny
appearance because of exposed tissue.

Third Degree

Or Critical

The burned area is insensitive due to the destruction
of nerve endings. Skin is destroyed. Muscle tissues
and bone underneath may be damaged. The area
may be charred, white, or grayish in color.

Inhalation Burns.

can lead to airway swelling and inability to breathe; people with these injuries must be brought to a hospital as soon as possible, even if they initially do not have breathing difficulties.

Effects of burns on the body

1)A severe burn can be a seriously devastating injury -- not only physically but emotionally. It can affect not only the burn victim, but the entire family.

2) Persons with severe burns may be left with a loss of certain physical abilities, including loss of limb(s), disfigurement, loss of mobility, scarring, and recurrent infections because the burned skin has decreased ability to fight infection.

3) In addition, severe burns can penetrate deep skin layers, causing muscle or tissue damage that may affect every system of the body.

4) Burns can also cause emotional problems such as depression, nightmares, or flashbacks from the traumatizing event.

5) The loss of a friend or family member and possessions in the fire may add grief to the emotional impact of a burn.

Aim(s) of Nutrition management

Dietary management of burn patients

Height and pre-burn weight

Details of previous nutritional status

Percentage of burn

Gastrointestinal function

Pain control

Pre-existing medical conditions

Usual diet and any specific dietary needs

References

Johns Hopkins Medicine