Physiology Questions. Please ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS 30-37 When a person has di
ID: 181139 • Letter: P
Question
Physiology Questions. Please ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS 30-37
When a person has diarrhea, he or she loses excessive salt and water from the body. This fluid loss results in sodium depletion and dehydration. As part of the body's compensation mechanisms, for each factor below, indicate if: there is an increase there is no change there is a decrease sympathetic activity to the afferent arterioles of the nephrons renin secretion permeability of distal tubule and collecting duct to water A hormone called parathyroid hormone (PTH) acts to help raise the blood calcium concentration. According to the principles of negative feedback, high blood calcium would lead to: an increase in PTH a decrease in PTH If a poison such as cyanide stopped the production of ATP, which of the following transport processes would stop almost immediately? the movement of K^+ out of a cell osmosis the filtration of glucose in the glomerulus the movement of Na^+ out of a cell more than one answer is correct According to Fick's Law, which of the following would decrease diffusion of a gas across the alveolar/pulmonary capillary membrane? an accumulation of mucus along the alveolar lining an increase in membrane surface area an increase in the partial pressure gradient two of these are correct all of the above are corre A new drug called XYZ has been produced to treat a particular disease. However the drug must be able to get into the cells of the body. Which of the following might increase the likelihood of XYZ getting through the cell membrane? attach many negative ions to the XYZ molecules attach fatty acids to the XYZ molecules attach many positive ions to the XYZ molecules attach two XYZ molecules together to make the XYZ molecules twice as large When the ECF becomes hypotonic, fluid will: shift from the ICF into the ECF shift from the ECF into the ICF not shift between the ECF and the ICFExplanation / Answer
30) During diarrhea and dehydration compensate mechanisms are used by the body. The sympthetic stimulation of afferent arterioles in nephrons increases to decrease blood pressure and decrease the filtrate production. Option a is correct.
31) The juxtaglomerular apparatus increases the production of renin in response to decreased blood pressure. Option a is correct.
32) As filtration is decreased, the permeability of distal tubule and collecting duct to water is decreased. The permeability of distal tubule and collecting duct to water is monitored by ADH concentration. When ADH is high then, permeability is low and when ADH is low, permeability is high. Option c is correct.
33) A change in homeostasis is controlled by triggering a response to restore the factor to normal by moving the same factor in the opposite direction to its initial change is known as a negative feedback control. The negative feedback mechanism between the parathyroid glands and calcium concentration in the blood regulates the secretion of PTH. The PTH is secreted when the calcium concentration is low and PTH is inhibited when the blood calcium concentration is increased. Option b is correct.
34. Transport of Na+ ions across cell is accomplished by active transport with the help of ATP. If poison like cyanide blocks ATP production, then movement of Na+ ions out of cell is blocked. Option d is correct.