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Please include the steps needed for this problem! Thank you Some non-Newtonian f

ID: 1818062 • Letter: P

Question

Please include the steps needed for this problem! Thank you

Some non-Newtonian fluids behave as a Bingham plastic for which the shear stress can he expressed as r = ry + mu du/dr. For laminar flow of a Bingham plastic in a horizontal pipe of radius R, the velocity profile is given as u(r)= Delta P/4 mu L (r2-R2) + ry/mu (r-R), where delta P/L is the constant pressure drop along the pipe per unit length and r is the radial distance from the centerline. Determine the shear stress of at the pipe wall and the drag force acting on a pipe section of length L.

Explanation / Answer

Given:
u(r) = (P/4L) (r2-R2) +( y/)(r-R)

du/dr =   (P/4L)(2r) + ( y/)

At r= R

du/dr = [(P/4L)(2R) + ( y/)]

The shear stress is given by

= y + du/dr

=  y +   [(P/4L)(2R) + ( y/)]

=    y +  [(P/4L)(2R) + y]

= 2y + (P/4L)(2R)

The shear stress at the pipe wall is given by

    = 2y + (P/4L)(2R)

Drag force on the pipe for a length L is

F= xlateral area of pipe

F= x 2RL

= [2y + (P/4L)(2R)]2RL

= [4yRL + (PR2)]

F= [4yRL + (PR2)]