Please answer the following questions for numbers 1, 2 and 3. If you are not sur

Question

Please answer the following questions for numbers 1, 2 and 3. If you are not sure please write it next to the problem number. I am a little confused on these, I will rate good!

1. What is the significance of gular fluttering in birds? a. it enables birds to sense small concentrations of chemicals that indicate the presence of mates or food. b. it rids venous blood of toxins c. it is a gas exchange strategy that oxygenates blood before it enters the brain d. it is a thermoregulatory behavior-its purpose is to cool blood in the gular area via evaporative cooling, without disrupting respiratory air flow. 2. Relative to poikilothermic, facutatively homeothermic reptiles, what is the major disadvantage of the way endothermic homeotherms, such as birds and mammals, thermoregulate? a. too much use of the limited oxygen in their environments b. too much 02 metabolism causes mammals and birds to age quickly c. endothermic homeotherms use a great deal more calories to survive and function, on a daily basis, than exothemic, facultatively homeothermic, reptiles. d. warm bloodedness is a real disadvantage in cold environments 3. What is the function of brown fat? a. larval nutrition in fish that have direct development b. to generate heat by shivering thermogenesis c. special insulation for cold adapted mammals d. to generate heat by non shivering thermogenesis

Explanation / Answer

Ans. 1. Correct option is (d). When birds feel heat, some species of birds use hular fluttering method to cool themselves. They keep their mouth open and flutter the neck muscles so that the heat gets dissipated.

Ans. 2. Correct option is (c). Endothermic regulation is costly in terms of energy used. Very large animals like humans, elephants, whales spend their entire day eating and most of their calorie intake is used for maintaning the body temperature.

Ans. 3. Correct option is (d). Brown fat comes from Brown Adipose tissue which is a thermogenic tissue. It has many mitochindria and many number of lipid droplets which gives it the brown colour. When these cells are required to generate heat, they take the lipid ,olecules and processit through the mitochindria in order to generate heat. This process occurs in infants where regulation of heat occurs without shivering using brown fat.

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