Microbiology BioFlix Activity: Protein Synthesis -RNA Processing Drag the correc
ID: 200769 • Letter: M
Question
Microbiology
BioFlix Activity: Protein Synthesis -RNA Processing Drag the correct labels under the diagrams to identify the events of RNA processing View Available Hint(s) ResetHelp The completed A modified guanine Extra adenine Segments of the RNA Segments of the RNA strand that do not messenger RNA (mRNA) leaves the nucleus. nucleotide is added tonucleotides are added that do code for the protein are actually code for the the beginning of the to the end of the RNA RNA strand as a cap . strand, forming a tail protein are removed 1 4.Explanation / Answer
Ans) in eukaryotes the DNA is located in the nucleus of the and it has the information about the amino acid sequence of a protein. All the proteins which expressed in a cell are coded by the genes which are present in DNA. The RNA polymerase bind to the promoter sequences of DNA and copy the genetic information present in DNA into mRNA by transcription processes and then ribosome’s translate this information located in mRNA (in the form of codons) as a protein by a process called translation. The template DNA strand or negative strand or nonsense strand of DNA is complementary to mRNA. The RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region which is located at an upstream portion of a gene and initiates the synthesis of mRNA by denovo fashion. From the transcription bubble (DNA-RNA hybrid), 5 end of mRNA is released into nucleoplasm during transcription processes. The mRNA released into the nucleoplasm has the introns so-called heterogenous mRNA. Now the heterogenous mRNA undergoes post-transcriptional processing. The first event in mRNA processing is 5’-capping (1). In 5’-capping the 5’ end of mRNA is added with guanine residues. In eukaryotes, 7-methyl guanosine is 5’-cap which increases the half-life of mRNA. At the 3’ end adenine residues are added by the process called polyadenylation (4). Introns in the mRNA replaced by the process called splicing (2,3). After completion of three events, the heterogeneous mRNA is called mature mRNA which is transported to the cytoplasm (5) where it is translated into protein.
1. A modified guanine nucleotide is added to the begging of the RNA strand as a cap
2. Segments of the RNA strand that do not actually code for the protein are removed
3. Segments of the RNA that do code for the protein are reconnected
4. Extra nucleotides are added to the end of the RNA strand forming a tail
5. The completed messenger RNA (mRNA) leaves the nucleus.