Please make it short answers please Name Section: POST-LABORATORY QUIZ NUTRITION
ID: 203269 • Letter: P
Question
Please make it short answers pleaseName Section: POST-LABORATORY QUIZ NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 1. Describe how enzymes catalyze metabolic reactions. 2 Different enzymes are composed of different sequences of 3. What does the enzyme bromelin do, and why did this not occur when the canned pineapple was used? 4 List the reactants and products of cellular respiration. 5. The products of digestion are used toproduce ATP in organelles called 6. The 7. List several factors that affect a person's BMR 8. Do proteins,carbohydrates, or fats have the most Calories per gram? Why is a fit person's heart rate slower than that of an unfit person? 10. If a very muscular person used the Harris Benedict formula to calculate daily Calorie needs, would the number of Calories they calculated actually be an overestimate or an underestimate? Why? What if an overweight person used the Harris Benedict for- mula? Would they overestimate or underestimate their daily Caloric needs?
Explanation / Answer
1)Most chemical reactions doesnot occur spontaneously in a cell instead cells rely on a proteins called enzymes to kick start chemical reactions and speed them up.Enabiling cells to get most of the energy sources available to them.The enzymes have a particular shape with an active site.The active site is the place where substrate fits.The active site induces fit around the substrate.This action is called induced-fit hypothesis.The bond is broken,the products are released,the enzyme remains intact.
2)Different enzymes are composed of different sequences of amino acids.As enzymes are proteins.Proteins are chains of aminoacids that have specific primary,secondary,tertiary and quaternart structure.
3)Bromelain is an anti-inflammatory enzyme.It comes from the stem of pine apple fruit .These enzymes have been proven to reduce pain and inflammation in various arthritic conditions.Raw pine apple also contains bromelain but all of which is destroyed in the canning process.
4)In cellular respiration oxygen and glucose are rectants.Products formed during cellular respiration are ATP,cabon dioxide and water.
5)The products of digestion used to produce ATP in organelles called mitochondria.Cell organelles specalized in aerobic respiration are mitochondria.
6)The Basic Metabolic Rate represents the resting energy use of an awake alert,person
7)Person's BMR is affected by several factors such as
Body size:Metabolic rate increases as weight,height and surface area increase
Body compostion:Fat tissue has lower metabolic activity than muscle tissue
Gender:BMR averages 5 to 10% lower in women than men
8)Carbohydrates and protein provides 4 calories per gram.But fat provides 9 calories per gram
9)Heart rate is the number of times your heart beat in a minute.It is measured in bpm or beats per minute.Normal resting heart rate is 60-80 bpm.But athelets resting heart rate can be as low as 40bpm because individuals who are fit have larger stroke volume of the heart.So heart need not beat as many time to have same output blood as an unfit person
10)Harris bendict equation uses the total body weight to calculate.It assumes that the person have a fairly average composition,which means it can underestimate the energy needs of very muscular people and over estimates the needs of obese people.