Please Answer ALL questions. Thanks! 1) When looking for exolife, astrobiologist
ID: 204976 • Letter: P
Question
Please Answer ALL questions. Thanks!
1) When looking for exolife, astrobiologists concentrate on finding planets with specific properties. On Mars, it is known that there is carbon dioxide in the environment, and the discovery of fluid water on the surface indicates that there is the possibility of the existence of cellular life. Why is the combination of carbon and water considered a good indicator of the possibility of living organisms? 2) Below is the structure of the antibiotic cefepime. For each of the labelled regions, give the most likely chemical interaction it can have with neighboring chemicals: Hydrogen Bond, lonic Bond, or Hydrophobic Interaction H2N H3CO -CH2 4 cefepime 3) The tree of life is first branches into three domains: Eukarya, Archaea, and Bacteria. Explain why viruses are not currently included in this scheme, and give one reason to support the idea of adding viruses to the tree of lifeExplanation / Answer
1.Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are important biological molecules for life to survive. Infact the first life organism evolve on earth exhibited anaerobic type of respiration for survival and used water. Our body required complex carbon molecules for their survival. Carbon Can form complex molecules, stable and it can makes strong bonds. By reacting with water it may generate complex molecules which gives energy to organism. Hence carbon and water is aimportant molecules for possibilities of life on any planet.
2. The most likely chemical interaction of labeled molecules is hydrogen bond. Because it has most number of hydrogen bonds, ( 5 hydrogen bond donor, 12 hydrogen bond acceptor).
3. From the evolution of life, scientist believes that viruses are non living because they do not have clear metabolic mechanism or do not have any complex carbon molecules. as the carbon is primary source of life in all organism. Additionally viral genes do not have any homology with each other . hence not a single gene are shared by viruses. So it is difficult for scientist to place them in any class of evolution as like Eukarya, Aechaea or Bacteria.
Viruses make their protein (which gives them structural stability) by replicating into host genome. Continues changing or mutation in viral genome gives them survival stability which is the main characteristic of all living organisms. Due to this reason virus may included as a living organism