Instructions INFECTIOUS DISEASE CASE STUDY 24 During World War 1, soldiers injur
ID: 210843 • Letter: I
Question
Instructions INFECTIOUS DISEASE CASE STUDY 24 During World War 1, soldiers injured in battle often died of then-untreatable Clostridium infections. Initial infection was usually Staphylococcus or Streptococcus Since antibiotic therapy was not available, these initial infections might be successfully treated topically only to be replaced by one of the Clostridium organisms, usually with fatal outcomes. (A) In the first, symptoms usually occur within tem days. Initial symptoms are restlessness, irritability, and muscular stiffness in the jaw, neck, or limbs. Muscle spasms increase, leading to clenched jaws, and stiff and arched (hyperextended) back and neck. (B) The second can develop rapidly, especially in poorly-oxygenated tissues. Typically, pain intensities. The affected are blackens and begins to atrophy. The aecrosis (death of softf tissue or bone) spreads fromm the site. The wouud often produces and pungent, gaseous odor. Systemic efects include high fever, delirium, and shock Laboratory Diagnosis Laboratory analysis of the affected tissue ofted yields suchi a variety of microbes that a definitive isolation of the causative agent is difficult to impossable. However, when isolation is successful, the first (A) is seen as a thin Gram positive bacillus with round terininal (at the end of the cell) endospore. It produces a thin spreading veil of growth over a blood agar plate, incubated anaerobically, indicating mobility The second (B) is a large, gram positive, monmotile, eacapsalated bacillus. Spores are rarely seen in culture The colonies develop rapidly and are characterized by both complete and incomplete bemolysis of blood agar in anaerobic ineubatioo. Extra uote: This microbe has a geueratioa time as short as 7 minutes) Multiple Not alowed. This test can onty be taken once. AttemptsExplanation / Answer
Q 1. The answer to question 1 , should be option (c) Chostridium tetani
Q 2. The answer to question 2 , will be option (b) Chlostridium perfingens.
Q 3. The answer is option (a) they both are anaerobes and thus thrive in poorly oxygenated tissues.
Q 4. The answer should be option (a) the most common medical treatment for gangrene occuring in the limbs is debridement and amputation.
Q 5. The true statements are :-
- it's symptoms are caused by neurotoxin produced by bacteria.
- Severe cases may result in opisthotonus and death due to spasms of reapirespir muscles.
Q 6. The answer should be option (b) immunisation preparation for tetanus are made of inactivated toxin called toxoid.
Hopefully it helps thanks.