III. Short Answer (50 total pts). Complete each statement with the correct word
ID: 216266 • Letter: I
Question
III. Short Answer (50 total pts). Complete each statement with the correct word or phrase. 30 1. The graph on the right shows mortality of offspring from 27.8 28.9 marriages registered in an Italian population. a) what term do biologists call this, & b) how is genetic diversity affected, if at all? (10 total pts) i 25 22.7 920.2 s 20 a. (term? 4 pts): In breed ,n Not Second 11/2 First b. (effect? 6 pts): The mon relatee are related cousins cousins cousins Degree of relatedness of parents recessive orele fects alleres 2. How long after Darwin's two books ('On the Origin of Species.... "Descent of Man ...") did the 1 st seyual selection? In each case, what specific s eeetionExplanation / Answer
1 A) Inbreeding depression is the term used to describe reduced biological fitness in a given population as a result of inbreeding, or breeding of related individuals.
1 B) As a result of inbreesing, genetic diversity of the popullation decreses. Children of inbreeding also may have an increased risk of genetic disorders, particularly if their parents both carry a harmful recessive mutation.
2 A) in the given question, Black moths are formed when they are homozygous (A1A1) or heterozygous (A1A2).
Thus A1 is an allele that is dominant over A2 and is resposible for the black color of the moth.
2 B) I nth equestion total moths are 250 , black moths = 108 and gray moths = 142
The Hardy-Weinberg equation is expressed as:
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
where p is the frequency of the "A1" allele and q is the frequency of the "A2" allele.
In the equation, p2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype A1A1, q2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype A2A2, and 2pq represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype A1A2.
total black moths (A1A1 +2* A1A2) = 108
therefore their frequency = 108/ 250 = 0.432 = p2 + 2pq
therefore from Hardy-Weinberg equation
q2 = 1 ?-(p2 + 2pq) = 1 - 0.432 = 0.568?
Therefore frequncy of A2 = squareroot of 0.568 =0.75
Frequency of A1 = 1- 0.75 = 0.25