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Show all work and answer the following using the correct number of significant f

ID: 229230 • Letter: S

Question

Show all work and answer the following using the correct number of significant figures. [Note: Since this is a take-home quiz and aren't limited by class time, if you need to use the quadratic equation, I expect you do actually do the calculation.] (10 pts) Carbonic acid (H2CO3, Ka 4.46 x 10-7, Ka2 4.69 x 10-11) is a diprotic acid. A titration is performed when 25.00 mL of 0.1250 M disodium carbonate (Na2CO3) is reacted with 0.1535 M HCI. What is the pH at the following points along the titration curve? [Attach a separate sheet if necessary.] a) The initial pH b) 5.00 mL before the first equivalence point c) At the first equivalence point d) 5.00 mL after the first equivalence point e) At the second equivalence point f) 1.00 mL after the second equivalence point

Explanation / Answer

CO3^2- + H+ --> HCO3- ...... Kb1 = 1 x 10^-14/4.69 x 10^-11 = 2.13 x 10^-4

HCO3- + H+ ---> H2CO3  ..... Kb2 = 1 x 10^-14/4.46 x 10^-7 = 2.24 x 10^-8

pKa = -log[Ka]

a) initial pH

Na2CO3 --> 2Na+ + CO3^2-

CO3^2- + H+ --> HCO3- ...... Kb1 = 2.13 x 10^-4

let x amount of CO3^2- hydrolyzed

Kb1 = [HCO3-][OH-]/[CO3^2-]

2.13 x 10^-4 = x^2/0.1250

x = [OH-] = 5.16 x 10^-3 M

pOH = -log[OH-] = 2.29

pH = 14 - pOH = 11.71

b) 5 ml HCl before Ist equivalence point

Volume HCl needed to reach Ist equivalence point = 0.1250 m x 25 ml/0.1535 M = 20.36 ml

5 ml less = 20.36 - 5 = 15.36 ml HCl added

mmol of HCl = 0.1535 M x 15.36 ml = 2.36 mmol

initial moles Na2CO3 present = 0.1250 M x 25 ml = 3.125 mmol

HCO3- formed = 2.36 mmol

CO3^2- remained = 3.125 - 2.36 = 0.765 mmol

using Hendersen-Hasselbalck equation,

pH = pKa + log(base/acid)

     = 10.33 + log(0.765/2.36)

     = 9.84

c) Ist equivalence point

pH = 1/2(pKa1 + pKa2)

     = 1/2(6.35 + 10.33)

     = 8.34

d) 5 ml after Ist equivalence point

Volume of HCl added = 20.36 + 5 = 25.36 ml

initial moles Na2CO3 present = 0.1250 M x 25 ml = 3.125 mmol

mmol of HCl = 0.1535 M x 25.36 ml = 3.893 mmol

HCO3- remained = 3.125 - 0.768 = 2.357 mmol

H2CO3 formed = 0.768 mmol

using Hendersen-Hasselbalck equation,

pH = pKa + log(base/acid)

     = 6.35 + log(2.357/0.768)

     = 6.84

e) IInd equivalence point

[H2CO3] formed = 0.1250 M x 25 ml/40.72 ml = 0.077 M

H2CO3 + H2O <==> H3O+ + HCO3-

let x amount of H2CO3 dissociated

Ka1 = [H3O+][HCO3-]/[H2CO3] = 4.46 x 10^-7

4.46 x 10^-7 = x^2/0.077

x = [H3O+] = 1.85 x 10^-4 M

pH = -log[H3O+] = 3.73

f) 1.00 ml after second equivalence point

excess [H+] = 0.1535 M x 1 ml/41.74 ml = 0.0037 M

pH = -log[H+] = 2.43