In the early twenty-first century, many people in the less-developed world still
ID: 236658 • Letter: I
Question
In the early twenty-first century, many people in the less-developed world still died from malnutrition and infectious diseases, despite improvements in health care through the increased use of vaccines and Western medicine; in the West,
A
Noncontagious illnesses such as heart disease, stroke, cancer, and depression were more lethal
B
There was no malnutrition, and infectious diseases had been entirely eradicated
C
Despite propaganda attempts to claim otherwise, the health situation was similar to that of the developing world
D
Women were far more likely than men to die of malnutrition and infectious diseases
Why did the Arab nations of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) impose an oil embargo on the United States and its allies in the 1970s?
A
They were frustrated that Western nations were turning to nuclear energy instead of maintaining their reliance on Middle Eastern oil
B
They were attempting to gain support from the USSR, which the Middle East judged to be in a position of power in the early 1970s
C
They were angry that the United States had offered support to Israel in its conflicts with Egypt, Syria, and Jordan during the 1960s and 1970s
D
They wanted to punish the United States for refusing to trade fairly with non-Western nations
Why did birthrates in the eastern bloc stagnate?
A
The scarcity of consumer goods, housing shortages, and the lack of household conveniences discouraged women in Communist countries from having large families
B
There were so few men left in Soviet society after World War II that most women would have had to become single mothers, a situation few found appealing
C
A strain of syphilis that spread throughout the eastern bloc during World War II had severely damaged the fertility of a large percentage of the population
D
For the first time, women in the eastern bloc had access to birth control and began to enjoy their newfound reproductive freedom, despite nationalist pleas to reproduce
In Black Skin, White Masks (1952) and The Wretched of the Earth (1961), Frantz Fanon, a black psychiatrist from the French colony of Martinique, proposed that
A
Western nations should focus on education and health care in newly decolonized nations, not on economic development
B
Islam was the only force capable of creating unified states south of the Sahara
C
Liberation movements used violence to attain their ends because their members had been traumatized by the violence used to colonize their countries
D
The International Monetary Fund was incapable of dealing with poverty in Africa
How did parliamentary leader Alva Myrdal address the problem of the population decline in Sweden?
A
She worked to pass legislation that discouraged women from working outside the home and made it legal for businesses to discriminate based on gender
B
She campaigned for the criminalization of abortion and of the use of birth control
C
She worked with leading eugenicists to identify the healthiest couples to promote strong breeding practices, while also promoting sterilization for those who were deemed “unfit”
D
She promoted “voluntary parenthood” by introducing government-sponsored prenatal care, free childbirth in a hospital, a food relief program, and subsidized housing for large families
What major grievance did nearly all student protesters across the world in the 1960s have in common?
A
They believed that their governments were not doing enough to fight the cold war and maintain global security
B
They felt that their generation was excluded from leadership and decision-making positions because society was too conservative
C
They wanted more money spent on the development of nuclear energy as a more environmentally friendly source of energy
D
They called for the destruction of the Soviet Union and the end of communism, as it was clear that consumerism and capitalism had won out
What was distinctive about the 1968 revolt in Czechoslovakia, also known as the Prague Spring?
A
It was almost entirely a protest about women's rights in the Soviet bloc, but it gained international support in the wake of the Soviets' draconian response
B
It was the only uprising that was successful in achieving meaningful and lasting reform within the Soviet bloc
C
It began within the Czechoslovak Communist Party as an attempt at reform based on the idea of “socialism with a human face”
D
Although it was a student-led movement, the participation of housewives and mid-level bureaucrats kept the momentum going
In 1947, what two independent countries emerged out of a former British colony as the result of a political and religious conflict incited by the British?
A
Kenya and Tanzania
B
Ireland and Northern Ireland
C
India and Pakistan
D
North and South Vietnam
How did Nazi propaganda justify the German invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1938?
A
The Nazis fabricated a plot in which Czech Jews, with the support of Czechoslovakia's democratic government, had threatened to assassinate Hitler
B
Nazi propaganda showed the German population newsreels of the Czech army mobilizing on the Austrian front in preparation for avenging the German annexation of Austria
C
The Nazis accused Czechoslovakia of persecuting its German minority and warned the Czechs that they would have to grant autonomy to the German-populated Sudetenland or face invasion
D
The Nazis claimed that the Czech government had asked for assistance in stabilizing its discredited parliamentary democracy
In the early twenty-first century, many people in the less-developed world still died from malnutrition and infectious diseases, despite improvements in health care through the increased use of vaccines and Western medicine; in the West,
A
Noncontagious illnesses such as heart disease, stroke, cancer, and depression were more lethal
B
There was no malnutrition, and infectious diseases had been entirely eradicated
C
Despite propaganda attempts to claim otherwise, the health situation was similar to that of the developing world
D
Women were far more likely than men to die of malnutrition and infectious diseases
Why did the Arab nations of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) impose an oil embargo on the United States and its allies in the 1970s?
A
They were frustrated that Western nations were turning to nuclear energy instead of maintaining their reliance on Middle Eastern oil
B
They were attempting to gain support from the USSR, which the Middle East judged to be in a position of power in the early 1970s
C
They were angry that the United States had offered support to Israel in its conflicts with Egypt, Syria, and Jordan during the 1960s and 1970s
D
They wanted to punish the United States for refusing to trade fairly with non-Western nations
Why did birthrates in the eastern bloc stagnate?
A
The scarcity of consumer goods, housing shortages, and the lack of household conveniences discouraged women in Communist countries from having large families
B
There were so few men left in Soviet society after World War II that most women would have had to become single mothers, a situation few found appealing
C
A strain of syphilis that spread throughout the eastern bloc during World War II had severely damaged the fertility of a large percentage of the population
D
For the first time, women in the eastern bloc had access to birth control and began to enjoy their newfound reproductive freedom, despite nationalist pleas to reproduce
In Black Skin, White Masks (1952) and The Wretched of the Earth (1961), Frantz Fanon, a black psychiatrist from the French colony of Martinique, proposed that
A
Western nations should focus on education and health care in newly decolonized nations, not on economic development
B
Islam was the only force capable of creating unified states south of the Sahara
C
Liberation movements used violence to attain their ends because their members had been traumatized by the violence used to colonize their countries
D
The International Monetary Fund was incapable of dealing with poverty in Africa
How did parliamentary leader Alva Myrdal address the problem of the population decline in Sweden?
A
She worked to pass legislation that discouraged women from working outside the home and made it legal for businesses to discriminate based on gender
B
She campaigned for the criminalization of abortion and of the use of birth control
C
She worked with leading eugenicists to identify the healthiest couples to promote strong breeding practices, while also promoting sterilization for those who were deemed “unfit”
D
She promoted “voluntary parenthood” by introducing government-sponsored prenatal care, free childbirth in a hospital, a food relief program, and subsidized housing for large families
What major grievance did nearly all student protesters across the world in the 1960s have in common?
A
They believed that their governments were not doing enough to fight the cold war and maintain global security
B
They felt that their generation was excluded from leadership and decision-making positions because society was too conservative
C
They wanted more money spent on the development of nuclear energy as a more environmentally friendly source of energy
D
They called for the destruction of the Soviet Union and the end of communism, as it was clear that consumerism and capitalism had won out
What was distinctive about the 1968 revolt in Czechoslovakia, also known as the Prague Spring?
A
It was almost entirely a protest about women's rights in the Soviet bloc, but it gained international support in the wake of the Soviets' draconian response
B
It was the only uprising that was successful in achieving meaningful and lasting reform within the Soviet bloc
C
It began within the Czechoslovak Communist Party as an attempt at reform based on the idea of “socialism with a human face”
D
Although it was a student-led movement, the participation of housewives and mid-level bureaucrats kept the momentum going
In 1947, what two independent countries emerged out of a former British colony as the result of a political and religious conflict incited by the British?
A
Kenya and Tanzania
B
Ireland and Northern Ireland
C
India and Pakistan
D
North and South Vietnam
How did Nazi propaganda justify the German invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1938?
A
The Nazis fabricated a plot in which Czech Jews, with the support of Czechoslovakia's democratic government, had threatened to assassinate Hitler
B
Nazi propaganda showed the German population newsreels of the Czech army mobilizing on the Austrian front in preparation for avenging the German annexation of Austria
C
The Nazis accused Czechoslovakia of persecuting its German minority and warned the Czechs that they would have to grant autonomy to the German-populated Sudetenland or face invasion
D
The Nazis claimed that the Czech government had asked for assistance in stabilizing its discredited parliamentary democracy
Explanation / Answer
1.
2. Option C.
In 1973 Oil crisis began in October 1973 when OPEC imposed oil Embargo as a result the oil price risen from $3 to $12 globally. It was in response to American involvement in the 1973 Yom Kippur War.
3. Option A.
Poor housing was the main factor in the decline in the birth rate in the eastern Block,
4. Option C.
5. Option D.
Alva Myrdal - believed that boosting childbirth depended on the economy and on individual well-being. Family allowances introduced to cover the costs of raising children
6. Option B.
In 1960 many student revolted against the established trend in politics, economics and education. They felt guilty when they thought about millions of Americans without material comforts and advantages they had enjoyed, they regarded proverty, atomic weapons and racial prejudice as intolerable.