Please limit your answers to 150 - 200 words, be specific and concise. You may u
ID: 245816 • Letter: P
Question
Please limit your answers to 150 - 200 words, be specific and concise. You may use bullet points but please use correct grammar, spelling and punctuation. Don’t forget to CITE YOUR REFERENCES.
Younger Children: What are some strategies for shaping a child’s early food preferences?
Older Children and Adolescence: Describe some of the factors that play a role in the development of overweight and obesity in childhood. What are some of the potential health effects of childhood obesity and what can be done to decrease the risk of developing these diseases or negative outcomes?
Older Adults: Summarize how kcal needs, vitamin/mineral needs and physical activity recommendations change as we age.
Explanation / Answer
During the early stages of life, child copies the food patterns and habits of the caretaker and peer groups around him. Eating healthy food ( Vegetables/ fruits/ dairy products/nuts/ proteins) is important for the growth and development of the child. To frame the right food habit, the few strategies are
Development of obesity is often associated with Sedentary lifestyle, lack of physical activity, dietary intake in older children and adolesce, However, hereditary and low metabolism can also cause childhood obesity. The factors are:
- Sweetened food, junk food
- Consuming a large portion of food at a time
- Copying unhealthy commercial adds
- Other psychological factors such as stress, anxiety, depression, low confidence and self-esteem etc.
Overweight and obesity can lead to serious damage emotionally, physically, socially and mentally. The child may lose his self-esteem and confidence. Obesity can be a reason for the occurrence to type 2 Diabetics, asthma, high heart disease, hepatic steatosis, poor skin integrity, poor motor development etc.
In older children, a modified diet, regular exercise, encouraging to participate in sports and play, increase the intake of more green leafy vegetables, maintaining a calorie chart and periodic blood check are the few measures which can opt to bring down the risk of a negative outcome.
Various biological and hormonal changes occur during old age. Thus the activities and dietary intake should fit the need. A diet with high in nutrient, rich in various essential vitamins and mineral, while a remarked less inclusion of calories is recommended. Strength training, endurance, flexibility can be done to increase the muscle strength as ageing causes loosening of muscles.
Reference
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4408699/
https://daa.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/58-1-family-food....pdf
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096098221300208X
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/nutritional-needs-and-aging#section10
https://academic.oup.com/biomedgerontology/article/56/suppl_2/89/581109