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In the context of the FRW model (fig 5.23), which values or ranges of the parame

ID: 289121 • Letter: I

Question

In the context of the FRW model (fig 5.23), which values or ranges of the parameters k and correspond to universes with the following:

a) The universe is neither homogeneous nor isotropic.

b) There is no possibility of the big bang.

c) A big bang is possible, but there is at least one other possibility (assume > 0)

d) The particular point in space where the big bang happened can still be determined long after the event.

e) At any time, the large-scale geometrical properties of space are identical to those of a three-dimensional space with a flat geometry.

f) Space has a finite volume, and “straight’ lines that are initially parallel may eventually meet.

g) There is a big bang, but the volume of space is infinite from the earliest times.

(must answer for all letters.. not multiple choice)

Explanation / Answer

Ans) Friedmann, Robertson-Walker (FRW) models are established in cosmology. The value or ranges of

k = +1 (plus one) to -1 (minus one)

= 0 for homogeneous and isotropic.

a) ans- False, Universe is homogeneous and isotropic.

b) ans- False, There is possiblity of big bang as the universe has an encompassing space-time singularity at a finite time in the past.

c) ans- True

d) ans- True.

e) ans- True

f) ans- False, Parallel straight lines never meet.

g) ans- True, no longer could the universe be considered as infinite.