In the context of their hypothesis test, discuss what the Type I Error and Type
ID: 3039796 • Letter: I
Question
In the context of their hypothesis test, discuss what the Type I Error and Type II Error would mean using a Decision Table as your guide. What level of significance would you suggest based on what a Type I Error or Type II Error would mean?
Recall that:
Type I Error is defined as rejecting the null hypothesis when in fact it should be accepted. (i.e. “False Positive,” “False Alarm,” defendant found guilty when in fact innocent)
Type II Error is defined as accepting the null hypothesis when in fact it should be rejected. (i.e. “False Negative,” defendant found not guilty when in fact guilty)
In the article I read, the company, Lornamead, Inc., is being charged with exaggerated claims that its “Lice Shield” shampoo, stick, and spray products will prevent or reduce the risk of getting head lice. They also claimed that the citronella and other essential oils in its Lice Shield products would “dramatically reduce” the risk of head lice infestations. In the court documentation, the claim by the company states “Scientific studies have shown that the use of Lice Shield Shampoo & Conditioner in 1 and Lice Shield Leave In Spray decreases the chance of lice infestation by over 80%.”
My formulated hypothesis to test this product/service would be as such:
Null hypothesis, H0: = 80% lice infestation
Alternate hypothesis, Ha: < 80% lice infestation
This is a One tailed test, where the alternative uses the less than or greater than symbol and there is only rejection at one end of the tail.
https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/press-releases/2014/05/company-settles-ftc-charges-head-lice-prevention-claims-
Explanation / Answer
Type one error is that the descrease in lice infestation is more than 80% actually and we take the decision that it is less than 80%
Type 2 error is that decrease in lice infestation is actually less than 80% and we take the decision that it is more than 80%.