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Students enrolled in an introductory statistics course at a university were aske

ID: 3124845 • Letter: S

Question

Students enrolled in an introductory statistics course at a university were asked to take a survey that indicated whether the student has a visual or verbal learning style. Of the 36 students who took the survey, 22 were judged to have a visual learning style, and 14 were considered verbal learners. Consider these 36 students to be a random sample of students at this university.

Conduct a test of significance of whether these sample data provide strong evidence that more than half of all students at the university have a visual learning style. Be sure to report the hypotheses, test statistic, and p-value. Also check the technical conditions of the procedure, and write a conclusion in context.

Explanation / Answer

Formulating the null and alternatuve hypotheses,          
          
Ho:   p   <=   0.5
Ha:   p   >   0.5 [HYPOTHESES]

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As we see, the hypothesized po =   0.5      
Getting the point estimate of p, p^,          
          
p^ = x / n =    0.611111111      
          
Getting the standard error of p^, sp,          
          
sp = sqrt[po (1 - po)/n] =    0.083333333      
          
Getting the z statistic,          
          
z = (p^ - po)/sp =    1.333333333   [TEST STATISTIC]

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As this is a    1   tailed test, then, getting the p value,  
          
p =    0.09121122   [P VALUE]  

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significance level =    0.05      

As P > 0.05, we   FAIL TO REJECT THE NULL HYPOTHESIS.  

Hence, there is no significant evidence that more than half of all students at the university have a visual learning style at 0.05 level. [CONCLUSION]

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The problem here is that we assume that each of the trials   are independent from each other. However, as the 36 participants all came from a statistics course, then they might not be independent.