Match the type of research study/variables to the type of hyposthesis test stati
ID: 3150772 • Letter: M
Question
Match the type of research study/variables to the type of hyposthesis test statistic that should be used.
1) A study is performed to examine the relationship between the concentration of plasma antioxidant vitamins and cancer risk. The table below shows data for plasma vitamin-A concentration in stomach-cancer patients and in controls (participants similar to the cancer patients but free of disease). Is there a significant difference in the mean concentration of plasma antioxidant vitamins between patients with stomach cancer and controls?
2) Recent recommendations suggest 60 minutes of physical activity per day. A sample of 50 adults in a study of cardiovascular risk factors report exercising a mean of 38 minutes per day with a standard deviation of 19 minutes. Based on the sample data, is the physical activity significantly less than recommended?
3) A study is conducted to compare mean cholesterol levels for individuals following a low carbohydrate diet for at least 6 months to individuals following a conventional (low-fat, low calorie) diet for at least 6 months. Test if there is a significant difference in mean cholesterol levels between the diet programs using a 5% level of significance.
4) Some scientists believe that alcoholism is linked to social isolation. One measure of social isolation is marital status. A study of 280 adults is conducted and each participant is classified as not alcoholic, diagnosed alcoholic or undiagnosed alcoholic, and categorized by marital status. Is there significant evidence of an association? Run the appropriate test at a 5% level of significance.
Use two or more independent samples, categorical and ordinal outcome test statistic.
Use two independent samples, continuous outcome test statistic.
Use test with one sample, continuous outcome test statistic.
Use matched samples, continous outcome test statistic.
A.Use two or more independent samples, categorical and ordinal outcome test statistic.
B.Use two independent samples, continuous outcome test statistic.
C.Use test with one sample, continuous outcome test statistic.
D.Use matched samples, continous outcome test statistic.
Explanation / Answer
1.
We have two independent groups, and a continuous variable (mean concentration of plasma). Hence,
OPTION B: Use two independent samples, continuous outcome test statistic.
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2.
We have just one sample and a continuous variable (minutes of physical activity).
hence,
OPTION C: Use test with one sample, continuous outcome test statistic.
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3.
As there are 2 independent groups, and continuous variable (cholesterol levels), then
OPTION B: Use two independent samples, continuous outcome test statistic. [ANSWER]
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4.
We have categorical variables here (alcoholic level, and marital status), so
OPTION A: Use two or more independent samples, categorical and ordinal outcome test statistic.