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Consider an experiment where a fair coin is tossed N times. There is a natural o

ID: 3322790 • Letter: C

Question

Consider an experiment where a fair coin is tossed N times. There is a natural outcome space for the experiment of tossing coins in sequence, where the probability of each outcome is equally likely. For example, if you toss 2 coins, the outcome space is {{H,H}, {H, T}, {T, H}, {T,T}}. The size of this outcome space is 4 and the probability of getting each outcome is 1/4.

Suppose a fair coin is tossed 9 times.

1) What is the size of the event set for getting exactly 8 heads?

2) What is the probability of getting exactly 8 heads?

3) What is the probability of getting at most 8 heads?

Explanation / Answer

1) Since there are 9 tosses and 8 turn heads only one of them turns tails and this can be any of the 9 tosses. Thus the size of the event set is 9.

2) The one tails can come in 9 ways and the probability of both the heads and tails is 1/2 or 0.5.

=> Probability of getting exactly 8 heads = 9 * 0.58 * 0.5 = 9 * 0.59 = 0.017578125.

3) The probability of getting all 9 heads = 0.59 = 0.001953125.

=> The probability of getting atmost 8 heads = 1 - 0.59 = 0.998046875.